Cho tam giác ABC, có ba trung tuyến AD, BE, CF. Chứng minh rằng: \(\overrightarrow {AD} .\overrightarrow {BC} + \overrightarrow {BE} .\overrightarrow {CA} + \overrightarrow {CF} .\overrightarrow {AB} = 0\).

Lời giải

Ta có: \(\overrightarrow {AD} .\overrightarrow {BC} + \overrightarrow {BE} .\overrightarrow {CA} + \overrightarrow {CF} .\overrightarrow {AB} \)

= \(\frac{1}{2}\left( {\overrightarrow {AB} + \overrightarrow {AC} } \right).\overrightarrow {BC} + \frac{1}{2}\left( {\overrightarrow {BA} + \overrightarrow {BC} } \right).\overrightarrow {CA} + \frac{1}{2}\left( {\overrightarrow {CA} + \overrightarrow {CB} } \right).\overrightarrow {AB} \)

= \(\frac{1}{2}\overrightarrow {AB} .\overrightarrow {BC} + \frac{1}{2}\overrightarrow {AC} .\overrightarrow {BC} + \frac{1}{2}\overrightarrow {BA} .\overrightarrow {CA} + \frac{1}{2}\overrightarrow {BC} .\overrightarrow {CA} + \frac{1}{2}\overrightarrow {CA} .\overrightarrow {AB} + \frac{1}{2}\overrightarrow {CB} .\overrightarrow {AB} \)

= \(\left( {\frac{1}{2}\overrightarrow {AB} .\overrightarrow {BC} + \frac{1}{2}\overrightarrow {CB} .\overrightarrow {AB} } \right) + \left( {\frac{1}{2}\overrightarrow {AC} .\overrightarrow {BC} + \frac{1}{2}\overrightarrow {BC} .\overrightarrow {CA} } \right) + \left( {\frac{1}{2}\overrightarrow {BA} .\overrightarrow {CA} + \frac{1}{2}\overrightarrow {CA} .\overrightarrow {AB} } \right)\)

= 0