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Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.MoneyThe ancestor of the monetary system is of course the barter system. A farmer could trade his produce for the fish obtained by a fisherman or the cloth produced by a weaver. Even today the barter system tends to come back into style in places suffering from social breakdown, or as an informal sideline activity in more harmonious lands. However, trying to reach agreement over the relative value of different things tends to be time-consuming and vexing, and so societies tended to converge towards a common medium of exchange. Pacific islanders used shells; Aztecs used cacao beans, the main ingredient of chocolate. Livestock was common among herding cultures; slaves were sometimes used, too, but they were much harder to control than cattle and so not as popular; and many cultures used salt, including the Romans for a time- hence, the modern term "salary". Incidentally, after World War II cigarettes were used as a medium of exchange in many countries then in very poor condition, and it is said that in Italy “penny candy” was commonly used as “small change” even into the 1970s.The medium that gradually gained widespread acceptance was precious metals such as gold and silver. Coins are said to have been invented by the Lydians, a people of Asia Minor, sometime after 640 BC. They used stamped ingots of "electrum", a naturally occurring amalgam of silver and gold. The scheme was refined by King Croesus, ruler of Lydia from 560 to 546 BCE, who introduced coins of true gold. He is still identified with wealth in the expression "rich as Croesus". The introduction of coinage was a great boon for traders, simplifying transactions and allowing them to be conducted more smoothly over long distances.[1] Coinage also helped support far-flung empires; the Roman Empire was built on silver and gold coins, as well as military victories. As the empire expanded, the expenditures of the state led to the debasement of the coins, beginning with an act of the Emperor Nero in 64 A.D. By the end of his reign, the silver content of Roman coins had shrunk by 10%. [2] Other emperors followed his example, and over 200 years from the start of the process, the content shrank to 5%. The coins’ buying power fell accordingly.[3] Coins are still with us, though they are now little more than tokens made of non-precious metals. [4] Few countries still use silver or gold coins as anything other than collector's items.Which of the following best expresses the essential information in the hightlighted sentence in the passage? Even today the barter system tends to come back into style in places suffering from social breakdown, or as an informal sideline activity in more harmonious lands.
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.MoneyThe ancestor of the monetary system is of course the barter system. A farmer could trade his produce for the fish obtained by a fisherman or the cloth produced by a weaver. Even today the barter system tends to come back into style in places suffering from social breakdown, or as an informal sideline activity in more harmonious lands. However, trying to reach agreement over the relative value of different things tends to be time-consuming and vexing, and so societies tended to converge towards a common medium of exchange. Pacific islanders used shells; Aztecs used cacao beans, the main ingredient of chocolate. Livestock was common among herding cultures; slaves were sometimes used, too, but they were much harder to control than cattle and so not as popular; and many cultures used salt, including the Romans for a time- hence, the modern term "salary". Incidentally, after World War II cigarettes were used as a medium of exchange in many countries then in very poor condition, and it is said that in Italy “penny candy” was commonly used as “small change” even into the 1970s.The medium that gradually gained widespread acceptance was precious metals such as gold and silver. Coins are said to have been invented by the Lydians, a people of Asia Minor, sometime after 640 BC. They used stamped ingots of "electrum", a naturally occurring amalgam of silver and gold. The scheme was refined by King Croesus, ruler of Lydia from 560 to 546 BCE, who introduced coins of true gold. He is still identified with wealth in the expression "rich as Croesus". The introduction of coinage was a great boon for traders, simplifying transactions and allowing them to be conducted more smoothly over long distances.[1] Coinage also helped support far-flung empires; the Roman Empire was built on silver and gold coins, as well as military victories. As the empire expanded, the expenditures of the state led to the debasement of the coins, beginning with an act of the Emperor Nero in 64 A.D. By the end of his reign, the silver content of Roman coins had shrunk by 10%. [2] Other emperors followed his example, and over 200 years from the start of the process, the content shrank to 5%. The coins’ buying power fell accordingly.[3] Coins are still with us, though they are now little more than tokens made of non-precious metals. [4] Few countries still use silver or gold coins as anything other than collector's items.Which is the best place for the following sentence? “The United States gave up minting silver dollars in 1935, and in 1965 eliminated silver in American coins completely.”
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.MoneyThe ancestor of the monetary system is of course the barter system. A farmer could trade his produce for the fish obtained by a fisherman or the cloth produced by a weaver. Even today the barter system tends to come back into style in places suffering from social breakdown, or as an informal sideline activity in more harmonious lands. However, trying to reach agreement over the relative value of different things tends to be time-consuming and vexing, and so societies tended to converge towards a common medium of exchange. Pacific islanders used shells; Aztecs used cacao beans, the main ingredient of chocolate. Livestock was common among herding cultures; slaves were sometimes used, too, but they were much harder to control than cattle and so not as popular; and many cultures used salt, including the Romans for a time- hence, the modern term "salary". Incidentally, after World War II cigarettes were used as a medium of exchange in many countries then in very poor condition, and it is said that in Italy “penny candy” was commonly used as “small change” even into the 1970s.The medium that gradually gained widespread acceptance was precious metals such as gold and silver. Coins are said to have been invented by the Lydians, a people of Asia Minor, sometime after 640 BC. They used stamped ingots of "electrum", a naturally occurring amalgam of silver and gold. The scheme was refined by King Croesus, ruler of Lydia from 560 to 546 BCE, who introduced coins of true gold. He is still identified with wealth in the expression "rich as Croesus". The introduction of coinage was a great boon for traders, simplifying transactions and allowing them to be conducted more smoothly over long distances.[1] Coinage also helped support far-flung empires; the Roman Empire was built on silver and gold coins, as well as military victories. As the empire expanded, the expenditures of the state led to the debasement of the coins, beginning with an act of the Emperor Nero in 64 A.D. By the end of his reign, the silver content of Roman coins had shrunk by 10%. [2] Other emperors followed his example, and over 200 years from the start of the process, the content shrank to 5%. The coins’ buying power fell accordingly.[3] Coins are still with us, though they are now little more than tokens made of non-precious metals. [4] Few countries still use silver or gold coins as anything other than collector's items.Which of the following is NOT true of coins?
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.MoneyThe ancestor of the monetary system is of course the barter system. A farmer could trade his produce for the fish obtained by a fisherman or the cloth produced by a weaver. Even today the barter system tends to come back into style in places suffering from social breakdown, or as an informal sideline activity in more harmonious lands. However, trying to reach agreement over the relative value of different things tends to be time-consuming and vexing, and so societies tended to converge towards a common medium of exchange. Pacific islanders used shells; Aztecs used cacao beans, the main ingredient of chocolate. Livestock was common among herding cultures; slaves were sometimes used, too, but they were much harder to control than cattle and so not as popular; and many cultures used salt, including the Romans for a time- hence, the modern term "salary". Incidentally, after World War II cigarettes were used as a medium of exchange in many countries then in very poor condition, and it is said that in Italy “penny candy” was commonly used as “small change” even into the 1970s.The medium that gradually gained widespread acceptance was precious metals such as gold and silver. Coins are said to have been invented by the Lydians, a people of Asia Minor, sometime after 640 BC. They used stamped ingots of "electrum", a naturally occurring amalgam of silver and gold. The scheme was refined by King Croesus, ruler of Lydia from 560 to 546 BCE, who introduced coins of true gold. He is still identified with wealth in the expression "rich as Croesus". The introduction of coinage was a great boon for traders, simplifying transactions and allowing them to be conducted more smoothly over long distances.[1] Coinage also helped support far-flung empires; the Roman Empire was built on silver and gold coins, as well as military victories. As the empire expanded, the expenditures of the state led to the debasement of the coins, beginning with an act of the Emperor Nero in 64 A.D. By the end of his reign, the silver content of Roman coins had shrunk by 10%. [2] Other emperors followed his example, and over 200 years from the start of the process, the content shrank to 5%. The coins’ buying power fell accordingly.[3] Coins are still with us, though they are now little more than tokens made of non-precious metals. [4] Few countries still use silver or gold coins as anything other than collector's items.The author uses Incidentally in paragraph 1 in order to show that the information that follows_________
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.MoneyThe ancestor of the monetary system is of course the barter system. A farmer could trade his produce for the fish obtained by a fisherman or the cloth produced by a weaver. Even today the barter system tends to come back into style in places suffering from social breakdown, or as an informal sideline activity in more harmonious lands. However, trying to reach agreement over the relative value of different things tends to be time-consuming and vexing, and so societies tended to converge towards a common medium of exchange. Pacific islanders used shells; Aztecs used cacao beans, the main ingredient of chocolate. Livestock was common among herding cultures; slaves were sometimes used, too, but they were much harder to control than cattle and so not as popular; and many cultures used salt, including the Romans for a time- hence, the modern term "salary". Incidentally, after World War II cigarettes were used as a medium of exchange in many countries then in very poor condition, and it is said that in Italy “penny candy” was commonly used as “small change” even into the 1970s.The medium that gradually gained widespread acceptance was precious metals such as gold and silver. Coins are said to have been invented by the Lydians, a people of Asia Minor, sometime after 640 BC. They used stamped ingots of "electrum", a naturally occurring amalgam of silver and gold. The scheme was refined by King Croesus, ruler of Lydia from 560 to 546 BCE, who introduced coins of true gold. He is still identified with wealth in the expression "rich as Croesus". The introduction of coinage was a great boon for traders, simplifying transactions and allowing them to be conducted more smoothly over long distances.[1] Coinage also helped support far-flung empires; the Roman Empire was built on silver and gold coins, as well as military victories. As the empire expanded, the expenditures of the state led to the debasement of the coins, beginning with an act of the Emperor Nero in 64 A.D. By the end of his reign, the silver content of Roman coins had shrunk by 10%. [2] Other emperors followed his example, and over 200 years from the start of the process, the content shrank to 5%. The coins’ buying power fell accordingly.[3] Coins are still with us, though they are now little more than tokens made of non-precious metals. [4] Few countries still use silver or gold coins as anything other than collector's items.The word boon in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to_________
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.Who talks more – men or women? Most people believe that women talk more. However, linguist Deborah Tannen, who has the studied the communication style of men and women, says that this is a stereotype. According to Tannen, women are more verbal – talk more – in private situations, where they use conversation as the “glue” to hold relationship together. But, she says, men talk more in public situations, where they use conversation to exchange information and gain status. Tannen points out that we can see these difference even in children. Little girls often play with one ‘best friend’ and their play includes a lot of conversation. Little boys often play games in groups, their play usually involves more doing than talking. In school, girls are often better at verbal skills, while boys are often better at mathematics.A recent study at Emory University helps to shed light on the roots of this difference. Researchers studied conversation between children aged 3-6 and their parents. They found evidence that parents talk very differently to their sons than they do to their daughters. The startling conclusion was that parents use more language with their girls. Specifically, when parents talk with their daughters, they use more descriptive language and more details. There is also far more talk about emotions, especially with daughters than with sons. Which of the following statement is TRUE about the passage?
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.Who talks more – men or women? Most people believe that women talk more. However, linguist Deborah Tannen, who has the studied the communication style of men and women, says that this is a stereotype. According to Tannen, women are more verbal – talk more – in private situations, where they use conversation as the “glue” to hold relationship together. But, she says, men talk more in public situations, where they use conversation to exchange information and gain status. Tannen points out that we can see these difference even in children. Little girls often play with one ‘best friend’ and their play includes a lot of conversation. Little boys often play games in groups, their play usually involves more doing than talking. In school, girls are often better at verbal skills, while boys are often better at mathematics.A recent study at Emory University helps to shed light on the roots of this difference. Researchers studied conversation between children aged 3-6 and their parents. They found evidence that parents talk very differently to their sons than they do to their daughters. The startling conclusion was that parents use more language with their girls. Specifically, when parents talk with their daughters, they use more descriptive language and more details. There is also far more talk about emotions, especially with daughters than with sons. Which word can best replace the word “startling”?
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.Who talks more – men or women? Most people believe that women talk more. However, linguist Deborah Tannen, who has the studied the communication style of men and women, says that this is a stereotype. According to Tannen, women are more verbal – talk more – in private situations, where they use conversation as the “glue” to hold relationship together. But, she says, men talk more in public situations, where they use conversation to exchange information and gain status. Tannen points out that we can see these difference even in children. Little girls often play with one ‘best friend’ and their play includes a lot of conversation. Little boys often play games in groups, their play usually involves more doing than talking. In school, girls are often better at verbal skills, while boys are often better at mathematics.A recent study at Emory University helps to shed light on the roots of this difference. Researchers studied conversation between children aged 3-6 and their parents. They found evidence that parents talk very differently to their sons than they do to their daughters. The startling conclusion was that parents use more language with their girls. Specifically, when parents talk with their daughters, they use more descriptive language and more details. There is also far more talk about emotions, especially with daughters than with sons. Which sentence best expresses the main idea of the second paragraph?
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.Who talks more – men or women? Most people believe that women talk more. However, linguist Deborah Tannen, who has the studied the communication style of men and women, says that this is a stereotype. According to Tannen, women are more verbal – talk more – in private situations, where they use conversation as the “glue” to hold relationship together. But, she says, men talk more in public situations, where they use conversation to exchange information and gain status. Tannen points out that we can see these difference even in children. Little girls often play with one ‘best friend’ and their play includes a lot of conversation. Little boys often play games in groups, their play usually involves more doing than talking. In school, girls are often better at verbal skills, while boys are often better at mathematics.A recent study at Emory University helps to shed light on the roots of this difference. Researchers studied conversation between children aged 3-6 and their parents. They found evidence that parents talk very differently to their sons than they do to their daughters. The startling conclusion was that parents use more language with their girls. Specifically, when parents talk with their daughters, they use more descriptive language and more details. There is also far more talk about emotions, especially with daughters than with sons. Which of the following can be inferred from the first paragraph?
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.Who talks more – men or women? Most people believe that women talk more. However, linguist Deborah Tannen, who has the studied the communication style of men and women, says that this is a stereotype. According to Tannen, women are more verbal – talk more – in private situations, where they use conversation as the “glue” to hold relationship together. But, she says, men talk more in public situations, where they use conversation to exchange information and gain status. Tannen points out that we can see these difference even in children. Little girls often play with one ‘best friend’ and their play includes a lot of conversation. Little boys often play games in groups, their play usually involves more doing than talking. In school, girls are often better at verbal skills, while boys are often better at mathematics.A recent study at Emory University helps to shed light on the roots of this difference. Researchers studied conversation between children aged 3-6 and their parents. They found evidence that parents talk very differently to their sons than they do to their daughters. The startling conclusion was that parents use more language with their girls. Specifically, when parents talk with their daughters, they use more descriptive language and more details. There is also far more talk about emotions, especially with daughters than with sons. The word “they” refers to ______
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.Who talks more – men or women? Most people believe that women talk more. However, linguist Deborah Tannen, who has the studied the communication style of men and women, says that this is a stereotype. According to Tannen, women are more verbal – talk more – in private situations, where they use conversation as the “glue” to hold relationship together. But, she says, men talk more in public situations, where they use conversation to exchange information and gain status. Tannen points out that we can see these difference even in children. Little girls often play with one ‘best friend’ and their play includes a lot of conversation. Little boys often play games in groups, their play usually involves more doing than talking. In school, girls are often better at verbal skills, while boys are often better at mathematics.A recent study at Emory University helps to shed light on the roots of this difference. Researchers studied conversation between children aged 3-6 and their parents. They found evidence that parents talk very differently to their sons than they do to their daughters. The startling conclusion was that parents use more language with their girls. Specifically, when parents talk with their daughters, they use more descriptive language and more details. There is also far more talk about emotions, especially with daughters than with sons. Which of the following phrases best explains the meaning of the word “verbal”?
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.Who talks more – men or women? Most people believe that women talk more. However, linguist Deborah Tannen, who has the studied the communication style of men and women, says that this is a stereotype. According to Tannen, women are more verbal – talk more – in private situations, where they use conversation as the “glue” to hold relationship together. But, she says, men talk more in public situations, where they use conversation to exchange information and gain status. Tannen points out that we can see these difference even in children. Little girls often play with one ‘best friend’ and their play includes a lot of conversation. Little boys often play games in groups, their play usually involves more doing than talking. In school, girls are often better at verbal skills, while boys are often better at mathematics.A recent study at Emory University helps to shed light on the roots of this difference. Researchers studied conversation between children aged 3-6 and their parents. They found evidence that parents talk very differently to their sons than they do to their daughters. The startling conclusion was that parents use more language with their girls. Specifically, when parents talk with their daughters, they use more descriptive language and more details. There is also far more talk about emotions, especially with daughters than with sons. Which word is similar in meaning to the word “glue”?
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.Who talks more – men or women? Most people believe that women talk more. However, linguist Deborah Tannen, who has the studied the communication style of men and women, says that this is a stereotype. According to Tannen, women are more verbal – talk more – in private situations, where they use conversation as the “glue” to hold relationship together. But, she says, men talk more in public situations, where they use conversation to exchange information and gain status. Tannen points out that we can see these difference even in children. Little girls often play with one ‘best friend’ and their play includes a lot of conversation. Little boys often play games in groups, their play usually involves more doing than talking. In school, girls are often better at verbal skills, while boys are often better at mathematics.A recent study at Emory University helps to shed light on the roots of this difference. Researchers studied conversation between children aged 3-6 and their parents. They found evidence that parents talk very differently to their sons than they do to their daughters. The startling conclusion was that parents use more language with their girls. Specifically, when parents talk with their daughters, they use more descriptive language and more details. There is also far more talk about emotions, especially with daughters than with sons. Which sentence best expresses the main idea of the first paragraph?
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 28 to 34.Stars have been significant features in the design of many United States coins and their number has varied from one to forty-eight stars. Most of the coins issued from about 1799 to the early years of the twentieth century bore thirteen stars representing the thirteen original colonies.Curiously enough, the first American silver coins, issued in 1794, had fifteen stars because by that time Vermont and Kentucky has joined the Union. At that time it was apparently the intention of mint officials to add a star for each new state. Following the admission of Tennessee in 1796, for example, some varieties of half dimes, dimes, and halfdollars were produced with sixteen stars.As more states were admitted to the Union, however, it quickly became apparent that this scheme would not prove practical and the coins from A798 on were issued with only thirteen stars-one for each of the original colonies. Due to an error at the mint, one variety of the A828 half cent was issued with only twelve stars. There is also a variety of the large cent with only A2 stars, but this is the result of a die break and is not a true error. Why was a coin produced in 1828 with only twelve stars?
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 28 to 34.Stars have been significant features in the design of many United States coins and their number has varied from one to forty-eight stars. Most of the coins issued from about 1799 to the early years of the twentieth century bore thirteen stars representing the thirteen original colonies.Curiously enough, the first American silver coins, issued in 1794, had fifteen stars because by that time Vermont and Kentucky has joined the Union. At that time it was apparently the intention of mint officials to add a star for each new state. Following the admission of Tennessee in 1796, for example, some varieties of half dimes, dimes, and halfdollars were produced with sixteen stars.As more states were admitted to the Union, however, it quickly became apparent that this scheme would not prove practical and the coins from A798 on were issued with only thirteen stars-one for each of the original colonies. Due to an error at the mint, one variety of the A828 half cent was issued with only twelve stars. There is also a variety of the large cent with only A2 stars, but this is the result of a die break and is not a true error. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as the denomination of an American coin?
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 28 to 34.Stars have been significant features in the design of many United States coins and their number has varied from one to forty-eight stars. Most of the coins issued from about 1799 to the early years of the twentieth century bore thirteen stars representing the thirteen original colonies.Curiously enough, the first American silver coins, issued in 1794, had fifteen stars because by that time Vermont and Kentucky has joined the Union. At that time it was apparently the intention of mint officials to add a star for each new state. Following the admission of Tennessee in 1796, for example, some varieties of half dimes, dimes, and halfdollars were produced with sixteen stars.As more states were admitted to the Union, however, it quickly became apparent that this scheme would not prove practical and the coins from A798 on were issued with only thirteen stars-one for each of the original colonies. Due to an error at the mint, one variety of the A828 half cent was issued with only twelve stars. There is also a variety of the large cent with only A2 stars, but this is the result of a die break and is not a true error. Which of the following can be inferred about the order in which Kentucky, Tennessee, and Vermont joined the Union?
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 43 to 50. Carbon dating can be used to estimate the age of any organic natural material; it has been used successfully in archeology to determine the age of ancient artifacts or fossils as well as in a variety of other fields. The principle underlying the use of carbon dating is that carbon is a part of all living things on Earth. Since a radioactive substance such as carbon-14 has a known half-life, the amount of carbon-14 remaining in an object can be used to date that object. Carbon-14 has a half-life of 5,570 years, which means that after that number of years, half of the carbon- 14 atoms have decayed into nitrogen-14. It is the ratio of carbon-14 in that substance that indicates the age of the substance. If, for example, in a particular sample the amount of carbon-14 is roughly equivalent to the amount of nitrogen-14, this indicates that around half of the carbon-14 has decayed into nitrogen-14, and the sample is approximately 5,570 years old. Carbon dating cannot be used effectively in dating objects that are older than 80,000 years. When objects are that old, much of the carbon-14 has already decayed into nitrogen-14, and the molecule amount that is left doesn’t provide a reliable measurement of age. In the case of older objects, other age-dating methods are available, methods which use radioactive atoms with longer half-lives than carbon has.It can be inferred from the passage that if an item contains more carbon-14 than nitrogen-14, then the item is______.
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 28 to 34.Stars have been significant features in the design of many United States coins and their number has varied from one to forty-eight stars. Most of the coins issued from about 1799 to the early years of the twentieth century bore thirteen stars representing the thirteen original colonies.Curiously enough, the first American silver coins, issued in 1794, had fifteen stars because by that time Vermont and Kentucky has joined the Union. At that time it was apparently the intention of mint officials to add a star for each new state. Following the admission of Tennessee in 1796, for example, some varieties of half dimes, dimes, and halfdollars were produced with sixteen stars.As more states were admitted to the Union, however, it quickly became apparent that this scheme would not prove practical and the coins from A798 on were issued with only thirteen stars-one for each of the original colonies. Due to an error at the mint, one variety of the A828 half cent was issued with only twelve stars. There is also a variety of the large cent with only A2 stars, but this is the result of a die break and is not a true error. The expression “Curiously enough” is used because the author finds it strange that _______.
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 28 to 34.Stars have been significant features in the design of many United States coins and their number has varied from one to forty-eight stars. Most of the coins issued from about 1799 to the early years of the twentieth century bore thirteen stars representing the thirteen original colonies.Curiously enough, the first American silver coins, issued in 1794, had fifteen stars because by that time Vermont and Kentucky has joined the Union. At that time it was apparently the intention of mint officials to add a star for each new state. Following the admission of Tennessee in 1796, for example, some varieties of half dimes, dimes, and halfdollars were produced with sixteen stars.As more states were admitted to the Union, however, it quickly became apparent that this scheme would not prove practical and the coins from A798 on were issued with only thirteen stars-one for each of the original colonies. Due to an error at the mint, one variety of the A828 half cent was issued with only twelve stars. There is also a variety of the large cent with only A2 stars, but this is the result of a die break and is not a true error. The word “bore” in line 3 is closest in meaning to ________.
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 43 to 50. Carbon dating can be used to estimate the age of any organic natural material; it has been used successfully in archeology to determine the age of ancient artifacts or fossils as well as in a variety of other fields. The principle underlying the use of carbon dating is that carbon is a part of all living things on Earth. Since a radioactive substance such as carbon-14 has a known half-life, the amount of carbon-14 remaining in an object can be used to date that object. Carbon-14 has a half-life of 5,570 years, which means that after that number of years, half of the carbon- 14 atoms have decayed into nitrogen-14. It is the ratio of carbon-14 in that substance that indicates the age of the substance. If, for example, in a particular sample the amount of carbon-14 is roughly equivalent to the amount of nitrogen-14, this indicates that around half of the carbon-14 has decayed into nitrogen-14, and the sample is approximately 5,570 years old. Carbon dating cannot be used effectively in dating objects that are older than 80,000 years. When objects are that old, much of the carbon-14 has already decayed into nitrogen-14, and the molecule amount that is left doesn’t provide a reliable measurement of age. In the case of older objects, other age-dating methods are available, methods which use radioactive atoms with longer half-lives than carbon has.The paragraph following the passage most probably discusses______.
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 28 to 34.Stars have been significant features in the design of many United States coins and their number has varied from one to forty-eight stars. Most of the coins issued from about 1799 to the early years of the twentieth century bore thirteen stars representing the thirteen original colonies.Curiously enough, the first American silver coins, issued in 1794, had fifteen stars because by that time Vermont and Kentucky has joined the Union. At that time it was apparently the intention of mint officials to add a star for each new state. Following the admission of Tennessee in 1796, for example, some varieties of half dimes, dimes, and halfdollars were produced with sixteen stars.As more states were admitted to the Union, however, it quickly became apparent that this scheme would not prove practical and the coins from A798 on were issued with only thirteen stars-one for each of the original colonies. Due to an error at the mint, one variety of the A828 half cent was issued with only twelve stars. There is also a variety of the large cent with only A2 stars, but this is the result of a die break and is not a true error. The word “their” in line 1 refers to _______.