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Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer for each of the questions.Understanding India's Caste SystemIt has been said that life is what we make of it. In other words, if we work hard and focus on our goals, we can have great careers and enjoy high status is society. However, these opportunities don’t exist for everyone. In some places, the family you are born into will decide almost everything about your life. India’s caste system is an example of this. The caste system is a major part of the Hindu religion that has existed for thousands of years. It is a way of organizing and grouping people based on the occupation of the family. Castes will determine whom people can socialize with and their place in society. Originally, a person’s caste was supposed to be determined by their personality, but over time it has been linked to their job and family.There are four classes, also known as varnas, in India’s caste system. The highest one is Brahmin. People in this class have jobs in education and religion. These are seen as extremely important functions for the society as they deal with the knowledge. The second highest level is the Kshatriya, or ruling class. People from this group can be soldiers, landowners, or have jobs in politics. The class beneath this is the Vaishya. These people often work in the commercial sector as merchants. The fourth class level is the Shudra. Shudras typically work as unskilled labourers doing factory or farm work, or they may also be employed as artists. There is another group, the Harijan, that is at the bottom and considered to be outside of the caste system. For many years, they were known as Untouchables, people from this caste held the most undesirable jobs in society, such as cleaning up garbage. Furthermore, they weren’t allowed to pray at public temples or drink water from the same wells as other classes. If someone from another caste came into contact with an Untouchable, they were considered dirty and would be expected to bathe vigorously to clean themselves. Although the caste system still exists in India, the government is taking steps to improve the living conditions and decrease unemployment rates for the Shudras and Harijan. This includes providing better health care, offering literacy programmes, and making sure that people from higher social classes do not exploit them. It seems unlikely that the caste system will disappear any time soon, but the overall conditions for those at the bottom do seem to be improvingWhat is the caste system mainly based on?
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer for each of the questions.Understanding India's Caste SystemIt has been said that life is what we make of it. In other words, if we work hard and focus on our goals, we can have great careers and enjoy high status is society. However, these opportunities don’t exist for everyone. In some places, the family you are born into will decide almost everything about your life. India’s caste system is an example of this. The caste system is a major part of the Hindu religion that has existed for thousands of years. It is a way of organizing and grouping people based on the occupation of the family. Castes will determine whom people can socialize with and their place in society. Originally, a person’s caste was supposed to be determined by their personality, but over time it has been linked to their job and family.There are four classes, also known as varnas, in India’s caste system. The highest one is Brahmin. People in this class have jobs in education and religion. These are seen as extremely important functions for the society as they deal with the knowledge. The second highest level is the Kshatriya, or ruling class. People from this group can be soldiers, landowners, or have jobs in politics. The class beneath this is the Vaishya. These people often work in the commercial sector as merchants. The fourth class level is the Shudra. Shudras typically work as unskilled labourers doing factory or farm work, or they may also be employed as artists. There is another group, the Harijan, that is at the bottom and considered to be outside of the caste system. For many years, they were known as Untouchables, people from this caste held the most undesirable jobs in society, such as cleaning up garbage. Furthermore, they weren’t allowed to pray at public temples or drink water from the same wells as other classes. If someone from another caste came into contact with an Untouchable, they were considered dirty and would be expected to bathe vigorously to clean themselves. Although the caste system still exists in India, the government is taking steps to improve the living conditions and decrease unemployment rates for the Shudras and Harijan. This includes providing better health care, offering literacy programmes, and making sure that people from higher social classes do not exploit them. It seems unlikely that the caste system will disappear any time soon, but the overall conditions for those at the bottom do seem to be improvingThe word “this” in paragraph 1 refers to ________.
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer for each of the questions.Understanding India's Caste SystemIt has been said that life is what we make of it. In other words, if we work hard and focus on our goals, we can have great careers and enjoy high status is society. However, these opportunities don’t exist for everyone. In some places, the family you are born into will decide almost everything about your life. India’s caste system is an example of this. The caste system is a major part of the Hindu religion that has existed for thousands of years. It is a way of organizing and grouping people based on the occupation of the family. Castes will determine whom people can socialize with and their place in society. Originally, a person’s caste was supposed to be determined by their personality, but over time it has been linked to their job and family. There are four classes, also known as varnas, in India’s caste system. The highest one is Brahmin. People in this class have jobs in education and religion. These are seen as extremely important functions for the society as they deal with the knowledge. The second highest level is the Kshatriya, or ruling class. People from this group can be soldiers, landowners, or have jobs in politics. The class beneath this is the Vaishya. These people often work in the commercial sector as merchants. The fourth class level is the Shudra. Shudras typically work as unskilled labourers doing factory or farm work, or they may also be employed as artists. There is another group, the Harijan, that is at the bottom and considered to be outside of the caste system. For many years, they were known as Untouchables, people from this caste held the most undesirable jobs in society, such as cleaning up garbage. Furthermore, they weren’t allowed to pray at public temples or drink water from the same wells as other classes. If someone from another caste came into contact with an Untouchable, they were considered dirty and would be expected to bathe vigorously to clean themselves. Although the caste system still exists in India, the government is taking steps to improve the living conditions and decrease unemployment rates for the Shudras and Harijan. This includes providing better health care, offering literacy programmes, and making sure that people from higher social classes do not exploit them. It seems unlikely that the caste system will disappear any time soon, but the overall conditions for those at the bottom do seem to be improvingWhich of the following is not true about India’s caste system?
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.Ever since humans inhabited the earth, they have made use of various forms of communication. Generally, this expression of thoughts and feelings has been in the form of oral speech. When there is a language barrier, communication is accomplished through sign language in which motions stand for letters, words, and ideas. Tourists, the deaf, and the mute have had to resort to this form of expression. Many of these symbols of whole words are very picturesque and exact and can be used internationally; spelling, however, cannot.Body language transmits ideas or thoughts by certain actions, either intentionally or unintentionally. A wink can be a way of flirting or indicating that the party is only joking. A nod signifies approval, while shaking the head indicates a negative reaction.Other forms of nonlinguistic language can be found in Braille (a system of raised dots read with the fingertips), signal flags, Morse code, and smoke signals. Road maps and picture signs also guide, warn, and instruct people.While verbalization is the most common form of language, other systems and techniques also express human thoughts and feelings. The word "these" in paragraph1 refers to
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.Ever since humans inhabited the earth, they have made use of various forms of communication. Generally, this expression of thoughts and feelings has been in the form of oral speech. When there is a language barrier, communication is accomplished through sign language in which motions stand for letters, words, and ideas. Tourists, the deaf, and the mute have had to resort to this form of expression. Many of these symbols of whole words are very picturesque and exact and can be used internationally; spelling, however, cannot.Body language transmits ideas or thoughts by certain actions, either intentionally or unintentionally. A wink can be a way of flirting or indicating that the party is only joking. A nod signifies approval, while shaking the head indicates a negative reaction.Other forms of nonlinguistic language can be found in Braille (a system of raised dots read with the fingertips), signal flags, Morse code, and smoke signals. Road maps and picture signs also guide, warn, and instruct people.While verbalization is the most common form of language, other systems and techniques also express human thoughts and feelings. Which of the following best summarizes this passage?
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer for each of the questions.Understanding India's Caste SystemIt has been said that life is what we make of it. In other words, if we work hard and focus on our goals, we can have great careers and enjoy high status is society. However, these opportunities don’t exist for everyone. In some places, the family you are born into will decide almost everything about your life. India’s caste system is an example of this. The caste system is a major part of the Hindu religion that has existed for thousands of years. It is a way of organizing and grouping people based on the occupation of the family. Castes will determine whom people can socialize with and their place in society. Originally, a person’s caste was supposed to be determined by their personality, but over time it has been linked to their job and family. There are four classes, also known as varnas, in India’s caste system. The highest one is Brahmin. People in this class have jobs in education and religion. These are seen as extremely important functions for the society as they deal with the knowledge. The second highest level is the Kshatriya, or ruling class. People from this group can be soldiers, landowners, or have jobs in politics. The class beneath this is the Vaishya. These people often work in the commercial sector as merchants. The fourth class level is the Shudra. Shudras typically work as unskilled labourers doing factory or farm work, or they may also be employed as artists. There is another group, the Harijan, that is at the bottom and considered to be outside of the caste system. For many years, they were known as Untouchables, people from this caste held the most undesirable jobs in society, such as cleaning up garbage. Furthermore, they weren’t allowed to pray at public temples or drink water from the same wells as other classes. If someone from another caste came into contact with an Untouchable, they were considered dirty and would be expected to bathe vigorously to clean themselves. Although the caste system still exists in India, the government is taking steps to improve the living conditions and decrease unemployment rates for the Shudras and Harijan. This includes providing better health care, offering literacy programmes, and making sure that people from higher social classes do not exploit them. It seems unlikely that the caste system will disappear any time soon, but the overall conditions for those at the bottom do seem to be improvingWhat does the passage suggest about the future of the caste system?
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word for each of the blanks.One of the most urgent environmental problems in the world today is the shortage of clean water. Having clean drinking water is a basic human right. But acid rain, (1) ________ pollution and garbage have made many sources of water undrinkable. Lakes, reservoirs and even entire seas have become vast pools (2) ________ poison.LakeBaikalinRussiais one of the largest lakes in the world. It (3) ________ a rich variety of animals and plants, including 1,300 rare species that do not exist (4) ________ else in the world. But they are being destroyed by the massive volumes of toxic effluent which (5) _______ into the lake every day. Even where law existed, the government did not have the power to enforce them.Most industries simply ignore the regulations. TheMediterranean Sea(6) ________ 1% of the world's water surface. But it is the dumping (7) ________ for 50% of all marine pollution. Almost 16 countries regularly throw industrial wastes a few miles (8) ________ shore.Water is free to everyone. A few years ago, people thought that the supply of clean water in the world was limitless. Today, many water supplies have been (9) ________ by pollution and sewage. Clean water is now scarce, and we are at last beginning to respect this precious (10) ________. We should do something now.Điền vào ô 10
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.Because writing has become so important in our culture, we sometimes think of it as more real than speech. A little thought, however, will show why speech is primary and writing secondary to language. Human beings have been writing at least 5,000 years, but they have been talking for much longer, doubtless ever since there have been human beings. When writing developed, it was derived from and represented speech, although imperfectly. Even today, there are spoken languages that have no written form. Furthermore, we all learn to talk well before we learn to write; any child who is not severely handicapped physically or mentally will learn to talk: a normal man cannot be prevented from doing so. On the other hand, it takes a special effort to learn to write; in the past, many intelligent and useful members of society did not acquire the skill, and even today many who speak languages with writing systems never learn to read or write while some who learn the rudiments of those skills do so imperfectly.To affirm the primacy of speech over writing is not to disparage the later. One advantage writing has over speech is that it is more permanent and makes possible the records that any civilization must have. Thus, if speaking makes us human, writing makes us civilized.According to the passage, writing _______
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word for each of the blanks.One of the most urgent environmental problems in the world today is the shortage of clean water. Having clean drinking water is a basic human right. But acid rain, (1) ________ pollution and garbage have made many sources of water undrinkable. Lakes, reservoirs and even entire seas have become vast pools (2) ________ poison.LakeBaikalinRussiais one of the largest lakes in the world. It (3) ________ a rich variety of animals and plants, including 1,300 rare species that do not exist (4) ________ else in the world. But they are being destroyed by the massive volumes of toxic effluent which (5) _______ into the lake every day. Even where law existed, the government did not have the power to enforce them.Most industries simply ignore the regulations. TheMediterranean Sea(6) ________ 1% of the world's water surface. But it is the dumping (7) ________ for 50% of all marine pollution. Almost 16 countries regularly throw industrial wastes a few miles (8) ________ shore.Water is free to everyone. A few years ago, people thought that the supply of clean water in the world was limitless. Today, many water supplies have been (9) ________ by pollution and sewage. Clean water is now scarce, and we are at last beginning to respect this precious (10) ________. We should do something now.Điền vào ô 9
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.It’s a sound you will probably never hear, a sickened tree sending out a distress signal. But a group of scientists has heard the cries, and they think some insects also hear the trees and are drawn to them like vulture to a dying animal. Researchers with the US Department of Agriculture’s Forest Service fastened sensors to the bark of drought-stricken trees clearly heard distress calls. According to one of the scientists, most parched trees transmit their plight in the 50-hertz to 50-kilohertz range. (The unaided human ear can detect no more than 20 kilohertz). Red oak, maple, white pine, and birch all make slightly different sounds in the form of vibrations at the surface of the wood.The scientists think that the vibrations are created when the water columns inside tubes that run along the length of the tree break, a result of too little water following through them. These fractured columns send out distinctive vibration pattems. Because some insects communicate at ultrasonic frequencies, they may pick up the trees' vibration and attack the weakened trees. Researchers are now running tests with potted trees that have been deprived of water to see if the sound is what attracts the insects. “Water-stressed trees also smell differently from other trees, and they experience thermal changes, so insects could be responding to something other than sound”, one scientist said.Which of the following could be considered a cause of the distress signals of trees?
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word for each of the blanks.One of the most urgent environmental problems in the world today is the shortage of clean water. Having clean drinking water is a basic human right. But acid rain, (1) ________ pollution and garbage have made many sources of water undrinkable. Lakes, reservoirs and even entire seas have become vast pools (2) ________ poison.LakeBaikalinRussiais one of the largest lakes in the world. It (3) ________ a rich variety of animals and plants, including 1,300 rare species that do not exist (4) ________ else in the world. But they are being destroyed by the massive volumes of toxic effluent which (5) _______ into the lake every day. Even where law existed, the government did not have the power to enforce them.Most industries simply ignore the regulations. TheMediterranean Sea(6) ________ 1% of the world's water surface. But it is the dumping (7) ________ for 50% of all marine pollution. Almost 16 countries regularly throw industrial wastes a few miles (8) ________ shore.Water is free to everyone. A few years ago, people thought that the supply of clean water in the world was limitless. Today, many water supplies have been (9) ________ by pollution and sewage. Clean water is now scarce, and we are at last beginning to respect this precious (10) ________. We should do something now.Điền vào ô 8
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word for each of the blanks.One of the most urgent environmental problems in the world today is the shortage of clean water. Having clean drinking water is a basic human right. But acid rain, (1) ________ pollution and garbage have made many sources of water undrinkable. Lakes, reservoirs and even entire seas have become vast pools (2) ________ poison.LakeBaikalinRussiais one of the largest lakes in the world. It (3) ________ a rich variety of animals and plants, including 1,300 rare species that do not exist (4) ________ else in the world. But they are being destroyed by the massive volumes of toxic effluent which (5) _______ into the lake every day. Even where law existed, the government did not have the power to enforce them.Most industries simply ignore the regulations. TheMediterranean Sea(6) ________ 1% of the world's water surface. But it is the dumping (7) ________ for 50% of all marine pollution. Almost 16 countries regularly throw industrial wastes a few miles (8) ________ shore.Water is free to everyone. A few years ago, people thought that the supply of clean water in the world was limitless. Today, many water supplies have been (9) ________ by pollution and sewage. Clean water is now scarce, and we are at last beginning to respect this precious (10) ________. We should do something now.Điền vào ô 7
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.It’s a sound you will probably never hear, a sickened tree sending out a distress signal. But a group of scientists has heard the cries, and they think some insects also hear the trees and are drawn to them like vulture to a dying animal. Researchers with the US Department of Agriculture’s Forest Service fastened sensors to the bark of drought-stricken trees clearly heard distress calls. According to one of the scientists, most parched trees transmit their plight in the 50-hertz to 50-kilohertz range. (The unaided human ear can detect no more than 20 kilohertz). Red oak, maple, white pine, and birch all make slightly different sounds in the form of vibrations at the surface of the wood.The scientists think that the vibrations are created when the water columns inside tubes that run along the length of the tree break, a result of too little water following through them. These fractured columns send out distinctive vibration pattems. Because some insects communicate at ultrasonic frequencies, they may pick up the trees' vibration and attack the weakened trees. Researchers are now running tests with potted trees that have been deprived of water to see if the sound is what attracts the insects. “Water-stressed trees also smell differently from other trees, and they experience thermal changes, so insects could be responding to something other than sound”, one scientist said.It can be inferred from the passage that research concerning the distress signals of trees _________ .
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word for each of the blanks.One of the most urgent environmental problems in the world today is the shortage of clean water. Having clean drinking water is a basic human right. But acid rain, (1) ________ pollution and garbage have made many sources of water undrinkable. Lakes, reservoirs and even entire seas have become vast pools (2) ________ poison.LakeBaikalinRussiais one of the largest lakes in the world. It (3) ________ a rich variety of animals and plants, including 1,300 rare species that do not exist (4) ________ else in the world. But they are being destroyed by the massive volumes of toxic effluent which (5) _______ into the lake every day. Even where law existed, the government did not have the power to enforce them.Most industries simply ignore the regulations. TheMediterranean Sea(6) ________ 1% of the world's water surface. But it is the dumping (7) ________ for 50% of all marine pollution. Almost 16 countries regularly throw industrial wastes a few miles (8) ________ shore.Water is free to everyone. A few years ago, people thought that the supply of clean water in the world was limitless. Today, many water supplies have been (9) ________ by pollution and sewage. Clean water is now scarce, and we are at last beginning to respect this precious (10) ________. We should do something now.Điền vào ô 5
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word for each of the blanks.One of the most urgent environmental problems in the world today is the shortage of clean water. Having clean drinking water is a basic human right. But acid rain, (1) ________ pollution and garbage have made many sources of water undrinkable. Lakes, reservoirs and even entire seas have become vast pools (2) ________ poison.LakeBaikalinRussiais one of the largest lakes in the world. It (3) ________ a rich variety of animals and plants, including 1,300 rare species that do not exist (4) ________ else in the world. But they are being destroyed by the massive volumes of toxic effluent which (5) _______ into the lake every day. Even where law existed, the government did not have the power to enforce them.Most industries simply ignore the regulations. TheMediterranean Sea(6) ________ 1% of the world's water surface. But it is the dumping (7) ________ for 50% of all marine pollution. Almost 16 countries regularly throw industrial wastes a few miles (8) ________ shore.Water is free to everyone. A few years ago, people thought that the supply of clean water in the world was limitless. Today, many water supplies have been (9) ________ by pollution and sewage. Clean water is now scarce, and we are at last beginning to respect this precious (10) ________. We should do something now.Điền vào ô 6
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.It’s a sound you will probably never hear, a sickened tree sending out a distress signal. But a group of scientists has heard the cries, and they think some insects also hear the trees and are drawn to them like vulture to a dying animal. Researchers with the US Department of Agriculture’s Forest Service fastened sensors to the bark of drought-stricken trees clearly heard distress calls. According to one of the scientists, most parched trees transmit their plight in the 50-hertz to 50-kilohertz range. (The unaided human ear can detect no more than 20 kilohertz). Red oak, maple, white pine, and birch all make slightly different sounds in the form of vibrations at the surface of the wood.The scientists think that the vibrations are created when the water columns inside tubes that run along the length of the tree break, a result of too little water following through them. These fractured columns send out distinctive vibration pattems. Because some insects communicate at ultrasonic frequencies, they may pick up the trees' vibration and attack the weakened trees. Researchers are now running tests with potted trees that have been deprived of water to see if the sound is what attracts the insects. “Water-stressed trees also smell differently from other trees, and they experience thermal changes, so insects could be responding to something other than sound”, one scientist said.All the following are mentioned as possible factors in drawing insects to weakened trees EXCEPT ________ .
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.Because writing has become so important in our culture, we sometimes think of it as more real than speech. A little thought, however, will show why speech is primary and writing secondary to language. Human beings have been writing at least 5,000 years, but they have been talking for much longer, doubtless ever since there have been human beings. When writing developed, it was derived from and represented speech, although imperfectly. Even today, there are spoken languages that have no written form. Furthermore, we all learn to talk well before we learn to write; any child who is not severely handicapped physically or mentally will learn to talk: a normal man cannot be prevented from doing so. On the other hand, it takes a special effort to learn to write; in the past, many intelligent and useful members of society did not acquire the skill, and even today many who speak languages with writing systems never learn to read or write while some who learn the rudiments of those skills do so imperfectly.To affirm the primacy of speech over writing is not to disparage the later. One advantage writing has over speech is that it is more permanent and makes possible the records that any civilization must have. Thus, if speaking makes us human, writing makes us civilized.The word “doubtless” in the passage mostly means _______
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word for each of the blanks.One of the most urgent environmental problems in the world today is the shortage of clean water. Having clean drinking water is a basic human right. But acid rain, (1) ________ pollution and garbage have made many sources of water undrinkable. Lakes, reservoirs and even entire seas have become vast pools (2) ________ poison.LakeBaikalinRussiais one of the largest lakes in the world. It (3) ________ a rich variety of animals and plants, including 1,300 rare species that do not exist (4) ________ else in the world. But they are being destroyed by the massive volumes of toxic effluent which (5) _______ into the lake every day. Even where law existed, the government did not have the power to enforce them.Most industries simply ignore the regulations. TheMediterranean Sea(6) ________ 1% of the world's water surface. But it is the dumping (7) ________ for 50% of all marine pollution. Almost 16 countries regularly throw industrial wastes a few miles (8) ________ shore.Water is free to everyone. A few years ago, people thought that the supply of clean water in the world was limitless. Today, many water supplies have been (9) ________ by pollution and sewage. Clean water is now scarce, and we are at last beginning to respect this precious (10) ________. We should do something now.Điền vào ô 4
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word for each of the blanks.One of the most urgent environmental problems in the world today is the shortage of clean water. Having clean drinking water is a basic human right. But acid rain, (1) ________ pollution and garbage have made many sources of water undrinkable. Lakes, reservoirs and even entire seas have become vast pools (2) ________ poison.LakeBaikalinRussiais one of the largest lakes in the world. It (3) ________ a rich variety of animals and plants, including 1,300 rare species that do not exist (4) ________ else in the world. But they are being destroyed by the massive volumes of toxic effluent which (5) _______ into the lake every day. Even where law existed, the government did not have the power to enforce them.Most industries simply ignore the regulations. TheMediterranean Sea(6) ________ 1% of the world's water surface. But it is the dumping (7) ________ for 50% of all marine pollution. Almost 16 countries regularly throw industrial wastes a few miles (8) ________ shore.Water is free to everyone. A few years ago, people thought that the supply of clean water in the world was limitless. Today, many water supplies have been (9) ________ by pollution and sewage. Clean water is now scarce, and we are at last beginning to respect this precious (10) ________. We should do something now.Điền vào ô 3
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.Because writing has become so important in our culture, we sometimes think of it as more real than speech. A little thought, however, will show why speech is primary and writing secondary to language. Human beings have been writing at least 5,000 years, but they have been talking for much longer, doubtless ever since there have been human beings. When writing developed, it was derived from and represented speech, although imperfectly. Even today, there are spoken languages that have no written form. Furthermore, we all learn to talk well before we learn to write; any child who is not severely handicapped physically or mentally will learn to talk: a normal man cannot be prevented from doing so. On the other hand, it takes a special effort to learn to write; in the past, many intelligent and useful members of society did not acquire the skill, and even today many who speak languages with writing systems never learn to read or write while some who learn the rudiments of those skills do so imperfectly.To affirm the primacy of speech over writing is not to disparage the later. One advantage writing has over speech is that it is more permanent and makes possible the records that any civilization must have. Thus, if speaking makes us human, writing makes us civilized.According to paragraph 1, the author of the passage argues that _______
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word for each of the blanks.One of the most urgent environmental problems in the world today is the shortage of clean water. Having clean drinking water is a basic human right. But acid rain, (1) ________ pollution and garbage have made many sources of water undrinkable. Lakes, reservoirs and even entire seas have become vast pools (2) ________ poison.LakeBaikalinRussiais one of the largest lakes in the world. It (3) ________ a rich variety of animals and plants, including 1,300 rare species that do not exist (4) ________ else in the world. But they are being destroyed by the massive volumes of toxic effluent which (5) _______ into the lake every day. Even where law existed, the government did not have the power to enforce them.Most industries simply ignore the regulations. TheMediterranean Sea(6) ________ 1% of the world's water surface. But it is the dumping (7) ________ for 50% of all marine pollution. Almost 16 countries regularly throw industrial wastes a few miles (8) ________ shore.Water is free to everyone. A few years ago, people thought that the supply of clean water in the world was limitless. Today, many water supplies have been (9) ________ by pollution and sewage. Clean water is now scarce, and we are at last beginning to respect this precious (10) ________. We should do something now.Điền vào ô 2
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word for each of the blanks.One of the most urgent environmental problems in the world today is the shortage of clean water. Having clean drinking water is a basic human right. But acid rain, (1) ________ pollution and garbage have made many sources of water undrinkable. Lakes, reservoirs and even entire seas have become vast pools (2) ________ poison.LakeBaikalinRussiais one of the largest lakes in the world. It (3) ________ a rich variety of animals and plants, including 1,300 rare species that do not exist (4) ________ else in the world. But they are being destroyed by the massive volumes of toxic effluent which (5) _______ into the lake every day. Even where law existed, the government did not have the power to enforce them.Most industries simply ignore the regulations. TheMediterranean Sea(6) ________ 1% of the world's water surface. But it is the dumping (7) ________ for 50% of all marine pollution. Almost 16 countries regularly throw industrial wastes a few miles (8) ________ shore.Water is free to everyone. A few years ago, people thought that the supply of clean water in the world was limitless. Today, many water supplies have been (9) ________ by pollution and sewage. Clean water is now scarce, and we are at last beginning to respect this precious (10) ________. We should do something now.Điền vào ô 1
Read the following passage and mark the letter A,B,C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answerTextbooks to go the way of the dinosaurs?Although students and teachers alike have discovered various innovations and applications for computers over the past couple of decades, the advent of the tablet-style personal computer has very recently begun to revolutionize the market in a way that no other has done. Recent advances in lightweight, portable design, memory capacity, we could only dream of just a few short years ago, and ever-increasing networks of broadband Internet connectivity are combining to create a useful and convenient multi-purpose tool for students. Tablet sales have doubled in the past year- an explosion in popularity that even very optimistic projections for the product failed to predict.While I don’t think anyone expects tablets to completely replace desktop or laptop computers (although a recent Nielsen survey did find that over 75% of respondents were now using their tablet for tasks that they once performed on their desktop or laptop computer), their versatility is truly astounding. One huge advantage of the tablet is that it doesn’t just replace an entire backpack full of textbooks, but also provides multimedia enhanced continuously-updated content that textbook authors could never even imagine. Whereas paper textbooks may direct student’s attention to further information and examples on the Internet, digital textbooks can provide videos and music to support any area of study at just the tap of a finger. For many students who do not learn effectively by simple reading text, this multimedia support provides a more integrated learning experience, which has been shown to improve retention and lead to positive learning outcomes.Students may also use a tablet, as opposed to a laptop, for taking notes during lectures. Tablets provide the benefits of portability, instant startup and longer battery life so students don’t have to carry a power cord around and position themselves near an outlet. Students can also pull out their tablets and work on a project at anytime, anywhere on campus. And with cloud- based memory systems, students don’t have to bother with back-ups or flash drives if they want to continue work on their desktop computer or collaborate on a group project.A further benefit of tablets, though one that is often cited as a shortcoming among users, is the limited ability to multitask. Now, it is true that developers have introduced thousands of applications to run on tablets, but tablets still simply cannot run many programs simultaneously. This may appear, on the surface, to pose a problem for the student user. However, in reality, students can perform any number of tasks on tablets…just not all of them at the same time. This may actually be good for a generation which is easily distracted by social media, online games, and other miscellaneous content on the Web.Given the many benefits, it’s no wonder that tablets are beginning to make their way into classrooms. In fact, it would seem that the biggest factor working against this has simply been their limited availability. Given the long times of consumers who waited to get their hands on the first generation of tablets and the lag for other companies to get their tablets to market, many people are just now able to buy a tablet. Additionally, we should expect that as competition increases among developers, tablets should see the same steep price drops that we always witness among electronics. Thus, tablets should quickly become a very viable and economical alternative for savvy students. What is the main idea of this article?
Read the following passage and mark the letter A,B,C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answerTextbooks to go the way of the dinosaurs?Although students and teachers alike have discovered various innovations and applications for computers over the past couple of decades, the advent of the tablet-style personal computer has very recently begun to revolutionize the market in a way that no other has done. Recent advances in lightweight, portable design, memory capacity, we could only dream of just a few short years ago, and ever-increasing networks of broadband Internet connectivity are combining to create a useful and convenient multi-purpose tool for students. Tablet sales have doubled in the past year- an explosion in popularity that even very optimistic projections for the product failed to predict.While I don’t think anyone expects tablets to completely replace desktop or laptop computers (although a recent Nielsen survey did find that over 75% of respondents were now using their tablet for tasks that they once performed on their desktop or laptop computer), their versatility is truly astounding. One huge advantage of the tablet is that it doesn’t just replace an entire backpack full of textbooks, but also provides multimedia enhanced continuously-updated content that textbook authors could never even imagine. Whereas paper textbooks may direct student’s attention to further information and examples on the Internet, digital textbooks can provide videos and music to support any area of study at just the tap of a finger. For many students who do not learn effectively by simple reading text, this multimedia support provides a more integrated learning experience, which has been shown to improve retention and lead to positive learning outcomes.Students may also use a tablet, as opposed to a laptop, for taking notes during lectures. Tablets provide the benefits of portability, instant startup and longer battery life so students don’t have to carry a power cord around and position themselves near an outlet. Students can also pull out their tablets and work on a project at anytime, anywhere on campus. And with cloud- based memory systems, students don’t have to bother with back-ups or flash drives if they want to continue work on their desktop computer or collaborate on a group project.A further benefit of tablets, though one that is often cited as a shortcoming among users, is the limited ability to multitask. Now, it is true that developers have introduced thousands of applications to run on tablets, but tablets still simply cannot run many programs simultaneously. This may appear, on the surface, to pose a problem for the student user. However, in reality, students can perform any number of tasks on tablets…just not all of them at the same time. This may actually be good for a generation which is easily distracted by social media, online games, and other miscellaneous content on the Web.Given the many benefits, it’s no wonder that tablets are beginning to make their way into classrooms. In fact, it would seem that the biggest factor working against this has simply been their limited availability. Given the long times of consumers who waited to get their hands on the first generation of tablets and the lag for other companies to get their tablets to market, many people are just now able to buy a tablet. Additionally, we should expect that as competition increases among developers, tablets should see the same steep price drops that we always witness among electronics. Thus, tablets should quickly become a very viable and economical alternative for savvy students. Which of the following can best replace the word “viable”?
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the blanksOwning a petThe joys and tribulations of being a pet owner! During our lifetime most of us have some experience of either owning a pet or being in (7) _______ contact with someone who does. Is there such a things as “the ideal pet”? If so what characterizes the ideal pet? Various (8) _______ influence one’s choice of pet, from your reasons for getting a pet to your lifestyle. For example, although quite a few pets are relatively cheap to buy, the cost of upkeep can be considerable. Everything must be (9) _______ into account, from food and bedding, to vaccinations and veterinary bills. You must be prepared to (10) _______ time on your pet, which involves shopping for it, cleaning and feeling it. Pets can be demanding and a big responsibility. Are you prepared to exercise and housetrain an animal or do you prefer a more independent pet? How much spare room do you have? Is it right to lock an energetic animal into a confined space? Do you live near a busy road which may threaten the life of your pet? Pets such as turtles and goldfish can be cheap and convenient, but if you prefer affectionate pets, a friendly cat or dog would be more (11)Điền ô số 11
Read the following passage and mark the letter A,B,C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answerTextbooks to go the way of the dinosaurs?Although students and teachers alike have discovered various innovations and applications for computers over the past couple of decades, the advent of the tablet-style personal computer has very recently begun to revolutionize the market in a way that no other has done. Recent advances in lightweight, portable design, memory capacity, we could only dream of just a few short years ago, and ever-increasing networks of broadband Internet connectivity are combining to create a useful and convenient multi-purpose tool for students. Tablet sales have doubled in the past year- an explosion in popularity that even very optimistic projections for the product failed to predict.While I don’t think anyone expects tablets to completely replace desktop or laptop computers (although a recent Nielsen survey did find that over 75% of respondents were now using their tablet for tasks that they once performed on their desktop or laptop computer), their versatility is truly astounding. One huge advantage of the tablet is that it doesn’t just replace an entire backpack full of textbooks, but also provides multimedia enhanced continuously-updated content that textbook authors could never even imagine. Whereas paper textbooks may direct student’s attention to further information and examples on the Internet, digital textbooks can provide videos and music to support any area of study at just the tap of a finger. For many students who do not learn effectively by simple reading text, this multimedia support provides a more integrated learning experience, which has been shown to improve retention and lead to positive learning outcomes.Students may also use a tablet, as opposed to a laptop, for taking notes during lectures. Tablets provide the benefits of portability, instant startup and longer battery life so students don’t have to carry a power cord around and position themselves near an outlet. Students can also pull out their tablets and work on a project at anytime, anywhere on campus. And with cloud- based memory systems, students don’t have to bother with back-ups or flash drives if they want to continue work on their desktop computer or collaborate on a group project.A further benefit of tablets, though one that is often cited as a shortcoming among users, is the limited ability to multitask. Now, it is true that developers have introduced thousands of applications to run on tablets, but tablets still simply cannot run many programs simultaneously. This may appear, on the surface, to pose a problem for the student user. However, in reality, students can perform any number of tasks on tablets…just not all of them at the same time. This may actually be good for a generation which is easily distracted by social media, online games, and other miscellaneous content on the Web.Given the many benefits, it’s no wonder that tablets are beginning to make their way into classrooms. In fact, it would seem that the biggest factor working against this has simply been their limited availability. Given the long times of consumers who waited to get their hands on the first generation of tablets and the lag for other companies to get their tablets to market, many people are just now able to buy a tablet. Additionally, we should expect that as competition increases among developers, tablets should see the same steep price drops that we always witness among electronics. Thus, tablets should quickly become a very viable and economical alternative for savvy students. According to the passage, what has prevented many people from obtaining a tablet?
Read the following passage and mark the letter A,B,C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answerTextbooks to go the way of the dinosaurs?Although students and teachers alike have discovered various innovations and applications for computers over the past couple of decades, the advent of the tablet-style personal computer has very recently begun to revolutionize the market in a way that no other has done. Recent advances in lightweight, portable design, memory capacity, we could only dream of just a few short years ago, and ever-increasing networks of broadband Internet connectivity are combining to create a useful and convenient multi-purpose tool for students. Tablet sales have doubled in the past year- an explosion in popularity that even very optimistic projections for the product failed to predict.While I don’t think anyone expects tablets to completely replace desktop or laptop computers (although a recent Nielsen survey did find that over 75% of respondents were now using their tablet for tasks that they once performed on their desktop or laptop computer), their versatility is truly astounding. One huge advantage of the tablet is that it doesn’t just replace an entire backpack full of textbooks, but also provides multimedia enhanced continuously-updated content that textbook authors could never even imagine. Whereas paper textbooks may direct student’s attention to further information and examples on the Internet, digital textbooks can provide videos and music to support any area of study at just the tap of a finger. For many students who do not learn effectively by simple reading text, this multimedia support provides a more integrated learning experience, which has been shown to improve retention and lead to positive learning outcomes.Students may also use a tablet, as opposed to a laptop, for taking notes during lectures. Tablets provide the benefits of portability, instant startup and longer battery life so students don’t have to carry a power cord around and position themselves near an outlet. Students can also pull out their tablets and work on a project at anytime, anywhere on campus. And with cloud- based memory systems, students don’t have to bother with back-ups or flash drives if they want to continue work on their desktop computer or collaborate on a group project.A further benefit of tablets, though one that is often cited as a shortcoming among users, is the limited ability to multitask. Now, it is true that developers have introduced thousands of applications to run on tablets, but tablets still simply cannot run many programs simultaneously. This may appear, on the surface, to pose a problem for the student user. However, in reality, students can perform any number of tasks on tablets…just not all of them at the same time. This may actually be good for a generation which is easily distracted by social media, online games, and other miscellaneous content on the Web.Given the many benefits, it’s no wonder that tablets are beginning to make their way into classrooms. In fact, it would seem that the biggest factor working against this has simply been their limited availability. Given the long times of consumers who waited to get their hands on the first generation of tablets and the lag for other companies to get their tablets to market, many people are just now able to buy a tablet. Additionally, we should expect that as competition increases among developers, tablets should see the same steep price drops that we always witness among electronics. Thus, tablets should quickly become a very viable and economical alternative for savvy students. Why does the author say that tablets’ inability to multitask is not a bad thing?