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Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 31 to 35.
Sponsoring great athletic events
In the 1998 World Cup, sports fans around the world (31) ______ various battles between fierce football rivals but also between the companies that sponsored them.
Nike sponsored Brazil. Adidas sponsored France. While the teams (32) ______ for the biggest prize in football, the two companies tried to win the biggest battle, the battle of the brands as 500 million people from 195 countries turn in to watch the greatest footballers in the world. Afterwards, the sportswear companies’ hope was for people to go out and buy some new kits. Adidas paid $20 million for the privilege of being an official sponsor of the 1998 World Cup and so one might have assumed it would have had the greatest presence at the (33) ______
Sometimes, however, sponsoring doesn’t (34) ______ the company much good. Other times, the sponsors’ advertising campaigns are very original. Nike has claimed that if sponsors really want to support athletes, they can’t turn up only for the photo opportunities and the media events and smile and (35) ______ for the cameras. They have to accept the whole package with its spitting, swearing, sweating and blistering-breaking. They just have to get used to it.
Question 35
D. Having no friends, the girl felt lonely.
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 31 to 35.
Sponsoring great athletic events
In the 1998 World Cup, sports fans around the world (31) ______ various battles between fierce football rivals but also between the companies that sponsored them.
Nike sponsored Brazil. Adidas sponsored France. While the teams (32) ______ for the biggest prize in football, the two companies tried to win the biggest battle, the battle of the brands as 500 million people from 195 countries turn in to watch the greatest footballers in the world. Afterwards, the sportswear companies’ hope was for people to go out and buy some new kits. Adidas paid $20 million for the privilege of being an official sponsor of the 1998 World Cup and so one might have assumed it would have had the greatest presence at the (33) ______
Sometimes, however, sponsoring doesn’t (34) ______ the company much good. Other times, the sponsors’ advertising campaigns are very original. Nike has claimed that if sponsors really want to support athletes, they can’t turn up only for the photo opportunities and the media events and smile and (35) ______ for the cameras. They have to accept the whole package with its spitting, swearing, sweating and blistering-breaking. They just have to get used to it.
Question 34
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 31 to 35.
Sponsoring great athletic events
In the 1998 World Cup, sports fans around the world (31) ______ various battles between fierce football rivals but also between the companies that sponsored them.
Nike sponsored Brazil. Adidas sponsored France. While the teams (32) ______ for the biggest prize in football, the two companies tried to win the biggest battle, the battle of the brands as 500 million people from 195 countries turn in to watch the greatest footballers in the world. Afterwards, the sportswear companies’ hope was for people to go out and buy some new kits. Adidas paid $20 million for the privilege of being an official sponsor of the 1998 World Cup and so one might have assumed it would have had the greatest presence at the (33) ______
Sometimes, however, sponsoring doesn’t (34) ______ the company much good. Other times, the sponsors’ advertising campaigns are very original. Nike has claimed that if sponsors really want to support athletes, they can’t turn up only for the photo opportunities and the media events and smile and (35) ______ for the cameras. They have to accept the whole package with its spitting, swearing, sweating and blistering-breaking. They just have to get used to it.
Question 33
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 31 to 35.
Sponsoring great athletic events
In the 1998 World Cup, sports fans around the world (31) ______ various battles between fierce football rivals but also between the companies that sponsored them.
Nike sponsored Brazil. Adidas sponsored France. While the teams (32) ______ for the biggest prize in football, the two companies tried to win the biggest battle, the battle of the brands as 500 million people from 195 countries turn in to watch the greatest footballers in the world. Afterwards, the sportswear companies’ hope was for people to go out and buy some new kits. Adidas paid $20 million for the privilege of being an official sponsor of the 1998 World Cup and so one might have assumed it would have had the greatest presence at the (33) ______
Sometimes, however, sponsoring doesn’t (34) ______ the company much good. Other times, the sponsors’ advertising campaigns are very original. Nike has claimed that if sponsors really want to support athletes, they can’t turn up only for the photo opportunities and the media events and smile and (35) ______ for the cameras. They have to accept the whole package with its spitting, swearing, sweating and blistering-breaking. They just have to get used to it.
Question 32
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 31 to 35.
Sponsoring great athletic events
In the 1998 World Cup, sports fans around the world (31) ______ various battles between fierce football rivals but also between the companies that sponsored them.
Nike sponsored Brazil. Adidas sponsored France. While the teams (32) ______ for the biggest prize in football, the two companies tried to win the biggest battle, the battle of the brands as 500 million people from 195 countries turn in to watch the greatest footballers in the world. Afterwards, the sportswear companies’ hope was for people to go out and buy some new kits. Adidas paid $20 million for the privilege of being an official sponsor of the 1998 World Cup and so one might have assumed it would have had the greatest presence at the (33) ______
Sometimes, however, sponsoring doesn’t (34) ______ the company much good. Other times, the sponsors’ advertising campaigns are very original. Nike has claimed that if sponsors really want to support athletes, they can’t turn up only for the photo opportunities and the media events and smile and (35) ______ for the cameras. They have to accept the whole package with its spitting, swearing, sweating and blistering-breaking. They just have to get used to it.
Question 31
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 31 to 35.
THE FIRST WOMAN SCIENTIST
Hypatia was born in Alexandria, in Egypt, in 370 A.D. For many centuries, she was the only woman scientist to have a place in the history books. Hypatia's father was director of Alexandria University, and he (31)________ sure his daughter had the best education available. This was unusual, as most women then had few (32)________ to study. After studying in Athens and Rome, Hypatia returned to Alexandria where she began teaching mathematics. She soon became famous (33) ________her knowledge of new ideas. We have no copies of her book, but we know that she wrote several important mathematical works. Hypatia was also interested in technology and invented several scientific tools to help with her work. At the (34) ________, many rulers were afraid of science, and anyone connected with it was in danger. One day in March 415, Hypatia
(35) ________ attacked in the street and killed.
Question 35
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 31 to 35.
THE FIRST WOMAN SCIENTIST
Hypatia was born in Alexandria, in Egypt, in 370 A.D. For many centuries, she was the only woman scientist to have a place in the history books. Hypatia's father was director of Alexandria University, and he (31)________ sure his daughter had the best education available. This was unusual, as most women then had few (32)________ to study. After studying in Athens and Rome, Hypatia returned to Alexandria where she began teaching mathematics. She soon became famous (33) ________her knowledge of new ideas. We have no copies of her book, but we know that she wrote several important mathematical works. Hypatia was also interested in technology and invented several scientific tools to help with her work. At the (34) ________, many rulers were afraid of science, and anyone connected with it was in danger. One day in March 415, Hypatia
(35) ________ attacked in the street and killed.
Question 34
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 31 to 35.
THE FIRST WOMAN SCIENTIST
Hypatia was born in Alexandria, in Egypt, in 370 A.D. For many centuries, she was the only woman scientist to have a place in the history books. Hypatia's father was director of Alexandria University, and he (31)________ sure his daughter had the best education available. This was unusual, as most women then had few (32)________ to study. After studying in Athens and Rome, Hypatia returned to Alexandria where she began teaching mathematics. She soon became famous (33) ________her knowledge of new ideas. We have no copies of her book, but we know that she wrote several important mathematical works. Hypatia was also interested in technology and invented several scientific tools to help with her work. At the (34) ________, many rulers were afraid of science, and anyone connected with it was in danger. One day in March 415, Hypatia
(35) ________ attacked in the street and killed.
Question 33
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 31 to 35.
THE FIRST WOMAN SCIENTIST
Hypatia was born in Alexandria, in Egypt, in 370 A.D. For many centuries, she was the only woman scientist to have a place in the history books. Hypatia's father was director of Alexandria University, and he (31)________ sure his daughter had the best education available. This was unusual, as most women then had few (32)________ to study. After studying in Athens and Rome, Hypatia returned to Alexandria where she began teaching mathematics. She soon became famous (33) ________her knowledge of new ideas. We have no copies of her book, but we know that she wrote several important mathematical works. Hypatia was also interested in technology and invented several scientific tools to help with her work. At the (34) ________, many rulers were afraid of science, and anyone connected with it was in danger. One day in March 415, Hypatia
(35) ________ attacked in the street and killed.
Question 32
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 31 to 35.
THE FIRST WOMAN SCIENTIST
Hypatia was born in Alexandria, in Egypt, in 370 A.D. For many centuries, she was the only woman scientist to have a place in the history books. Hypatia's father was director of Alexandria University, and he (31)________ sure his daughter had the best education available. This was unusual, as most women then had few (32)________ to study. After studying in Athens and Rome, Hypatia returned to Alexandria where she began teaching mathematics. She soon became famous (33) ________her knowledge of new ideas. We have no copies of her book, but we know that she wrote several important mathematical works. Hypatia was also interested in technology and invented several scientific tools to help with her work. At the (34) ________, many rulers were afraid of science, and anyone connected with it was in danger. One day in March 415, Hypatia
(35) ________ attacked in the street and killed.
Question 31
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, t or D to indicate the correct word phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 31 to 35.
GLOBAL WARMING
Few people now question the reality of global warming and its effects on the world's climate. Many scientists (31) ______ the blame for recent natural disasters on the increase in the world's temperatures and are convinced that, more than ever before, the Earth is at risk from the forces of the wind, rain and sun. (32) ______to them, global warming is making extreme weather events, such as hurricanes and droughts, even more (33) ______ and causing sea levels all around the world to rise.
Environmental groups are putting pressure on governments to take action to reduce the amount of carbon dioxide which is given (34) ______ by factories and power plants, thus attacking the problem at its source. They are in favor of more money being spent on research into solar, wind and wave energy devices, which could then replace existing power station.
Some scientists, (35) ______, believe that even if we stopped releasing carbon dioxide and other gases into the atmosphere tomorrow, we would have to wait several hundred years to notice the results. Global warming, it seems, is to stay.
Question 35
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, t or D to indicate the correct word phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 31 to 35.
GLOBAL WARMING
Few people now question the reality of global warming and its effects on the world's climate. Many scientists (31) ______ the blame for recent natural disasters on the increase in the world's temperatures and are convinced that, more than ever before, the Earth is at risk from the forces of the wind, rain and sun. (32) ______to them, global warming is making extreme weather events, such as hurricanes and droughts, even more (33) ______ and causing sea levels all around the world to rise.
Environmental groups are putting pressure on governments to take action to reduce the amount of carbon dioxide which is given (34) ______ by factories and power plants, thus attacking the problem at its source. They are in favor of more money being spent on research into solar, wind and wave energy devices, which could then replace existing power station.
Some scientists, (35) ______, believe that even if we stopped releasing carbon dioxide and other gases into the atmosphere tomorrow, we would have to wait several hundred years to notice the results. Global warming, it seems, is to stay.
Question 34
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, t or D to indicate the correct word phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 31 to 35.
GLOBAL WARMING
Few people now question the reality of global warming and its effects on the world's climate. Many scientists (31) ______ the blame for recent natural disasters on the increase in the world's temperatures and are convinced that, more than ever before, the Earth is at risk from the forces of the wind, rain and sun. (32) ______to them, global warming is making extreme weather events, such as hurricanes and droughts, even more (33) ______ and causing sea levels all around the world to rise.
Environmental groups are putting pressure on governments to take action to reduce the amount of carbon dioxide which is given (34) ______ by factories and power plants, thus attacking the problem at its source. They are in favor of more money being spent on research into solar, wind and wave energy devices, which could then replace existing power station.
Some scientists, (35) ______, believe that even if we stopped releasing carbon dioxide and other gases into the atmosphere tomorrow, we would have to wait several hundred years to notice the results. Global warming, it seems, is to stay.
Question 33
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, t or D to indicate the correct word phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 31 to 35.
GLOBAL WARMING
Few people now question the reality of global warming and its effects on the world's climate. Many scientists (31) ______ the blame for recent natural disasters on the increase in the world's temperatures and are convinced that, more than ever before, the Earth is at risk from the forces of the wind, rain and sun. (32) ______to them, global warming is making extreme weather events, such as hurricanes and droughts, even more (33) ______ and causing sea levels all around the world to rise.
Environmental groups are putting pressure on governments to take action to reduce the amount of carbon dioxide which is given (34) ______ by factories and power plants, thus attacking the problem at its source. They are in favor of more money being spent on research into solar, wind and wave energy devices, which could then replace existing power station.
Some scientists, (35) ______, believe that even if we stopped releasing carbon dioxide and other gases into the atmosphere tomorrow, we would have to wait several hundred years to notice the results. Global warming, it seems, is to stay.
Question 32
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, t or D to indicate the correct word phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 31 to 35.
GLOBAL WARMING
Few people now question the reality of global warming and its effects on the world's climate. Many scientists (31) ______ the blame for recent natural disasters on the increase in the world's temperatures and are convinced that, more than ever before, the Earth is at risk from the forces of the wind, rain and sun. (32) ______to them, global warming is making extreme weather events, such as hurricanes and droughts, even more (33) ______ and causing sea levels all around the world to rise.
Environmental groups are putting pressure on governments to take action to reduce the amount of carbon dioxide which is given (34) ______ by factories and power plants, thus attacking the problem at its source. They are in favor of more money being spent on research into solar, wind and wave energy devices, which could then replace existing power station.
Some scientists, (35) ______, believe that even if we stopped releasing carbon dioxide and other gases into the atmosphere tomorrow, we would have to wait several hundred years to notice the results. Global warming, it seems, is to stay.
Question 31
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numberPri blanks from 31 to 35.
I was raised on a farm in a remote village in the 1950s. The winter months were endless and everything was covered in snow. I was always (31) _______ for the warmer weather to come. When spring arrived, everything came alive - flowers would bloom and the animals would come out of hibernation. I would follow the bear tracks and search for them. Once, however, I (32) ____ an angry mother bear who saw me as a threat. (33) ______ the sight of the bear, I did what my father had told me. I stood still until she stopped growling and walked away. The trick was effective, but looking back now, I realized that the situation was far more serious than I thought at the time. By the age of twelve, I had lots of camping experience, as I used to go camping with my dog on my school holidays. We would spend days (34) ______ the forest, catching fish for dinner, look at the frogs and the (35) ______ of birds and the insects hopping up and down on the surface of the water. Of course, this was possible only during the warm months. When the autumn came, everything went quiet, which was quite usual in those parts. It wasn't long before the animals disappeared, the birds flew south and the snow took over. The place became desert once again.
Question 35
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numberPri blanks from 31 to 35.
I was raised on a farm in a remote village in the 1950s. The winter months were endless and everything was covered in snow. I was always (31) _______ for the warmer weather to come. When spring arrived, everything came alive - flowers would bloom and the animals would come out of hibernation. I would follow the bear tracks and search for them. Once, however, I (32) ____ an angry mother bear who saw me as a threat. (33) ______ the sight of the bear, I did what my father had told me. I stood still until she stopped growling and walked away. The trick was effective, but looking back now, I realized that the situation was far more serious than I thought at the time. By the age of twelve, I had lots of camping experience, as I used to go camping with my dog on my school holidays. We would spend days (34) ______ the forest, catching fish for dinner, look at the frogs and the (35) ______ of birds and the insects hopping up and down on the surface of the water. Of course, this was possible only during the warm months. When the autumn came, everything went quiet, which was quite usual in those parts. It wasn't long before the animals disappeared, the birds flew south and the snow took over. The place became desert once again.
Question 34
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numberPri blanks from 31 to 35.
I was raised on a farm in a remote village in the 1950s. The winter months were endless and everything was covered in snow. I was always (31) _______ for the warmer weather to come. When spring arrived, everything came alive - flowers would bloom and the animals would come out of hibernation. I would follow the bear tracks and search for them. Once, however, I (32) ____ an angry mother bear who saw me as a threat. (33) ______ the sight of the bear, I did what my father had told me. I stood still until she stopped growling and walked away. The trick was effective, but looking back now, I realized that the situation was far more serious than I thought at the time. By the age of twelve, I had lots of camping experience, as I used to go camping with my dog on my school holidays. We would spend days (34) ______ the forest, catching fish for dinner, look at the frogs and the (35) ______ of birds and the insects hopping up and down on the surface of the water. Of course, this was possible only during the warm months. When the autumn came, everything went quiet, which was quite usual in those parts. It wasn't long before the animals disappeared, the birds flew south and the snow took over. The place became desert once again.
Question 33
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numberPri blanks from 31 to 35.
I was raised on a farm in a remote village in the 1950s. The winter months were endless and everything was covered in snow. I was always (31) _______ for the warmer weather to come. When spring arrived, everything came alive - flowers would bloom and the animals would come out of hibernation. I would follow the bear tracks and search for them. Once, however, I (32) ____ an angry mother bear who saw me as a threat. (33) ______ the sight of the bear, I did what my father had told me. I stood still until she stopped growling and walked away. The trick was effective, but looking back now, I realized that the situation was far more serious than I thought at the time. By the age of twelve, I had lots of camping experience, as I used to go camping with my dog on my school holidays. We would spend days (34) ______ the forest, catching fish for dinner, look at the frogs and the (35) ______ of birds and the insects hopping up and down on the surface of the water. Of course, this was possible only during the warm months. When the autumn came, everything went quiet, which was quite usual in those parts. It wasn't long before the animals disappeared, the birds flew south and the snow took over. The place became desert once again.
Question 32
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numberPri blanks from 31 to 35.
I was raised on a farm in a remote village in the 1950s. The winter months were endless and everything was covered in snow. I was always (31) _______ for the warmer weather to come. When spring arrived, everything came alive - flowers would bloom and the animals would come out of hibernation. I would follow the bear tracks and search for them. Once, however, I (32) ____ an angry mother bear who saw me as a threat. (33) ______ the sight of the bear, I did what my father had told me. I stood still until she stopped growling and walked away. The trick was effective, but looking back now, I realized that the situation was far more serious than I thought at the time. By the age of twelve, I had lots of camping experience, as I used to go camping with my dog on my school holidays. We would spend days (34) ______ the forest, catching fish for dinner, look at the frogs and the (35) ______ of birds and the insects hopping up and down on the surface of the water. Of course, this was possible only during the warm months. When the autumn came, everything went quiet, which was quite usual in those parts. It wasn't long before the animals disappeared, the birds flew south and the snow took over. The place became desert once again.
Question 31
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 31 to 35.
If cartoons are anything to go by, then the attitude of the British towards the family, and of British men towards the (31) ________ sex, has not changed much recently, despite attempts to shame people into admitting their prejudices. The mother-in-law, frequently of horrific (32) _______ and usually either about to visit, or being somehow driven from the house is still a favorite butt of this kind of humor. Marriage itself has been reduced to the skinny male, dominated by a massive female who habitually lies in wait with the rolling pin behind the door for the return of her drunken spouse. Children are rarely shown other than as screaming infants, or else as ill-favoured urchins who (33) _____ all their time being objectionable or asking for money. The old are simply (34) _____ as comic characters. The problem is, how do such cartoons relate to the way people truly see each other? Does a joke always contain some grain of truth, however much we may dislike to admit it? In other words, is life really a series of mother-in-law jokes? Or do jokes have a life of their own, with a (35) _______ of stereotypes we can recognize, like the Englishman with his umbrella and bowler hat, or the Frenchman with his striped jumper and beret?
Question 35
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 31 to 35.
If cartoons are anything to go by, then the attitude of the British towards the family, and of British men towards the (31) ________ sex, has not changed much recently, despite attempts to shame people into admitting their prejudices. The mother-in-law, frequently of horrific (32) _______ and usually either about to visit, or being somehow driven from the house is still a favorite butt of this kind of humor. Marriage itself has been reduced to the skinny male, dominated by a massive female who habitually lies in wait with the rolling pin behind the door for the return of her drunken spouse. Children are rarely shown other than as screaming infants, or else as ill-favoured urchins who (33) _____ all their time being objectionable or asking for money. The old are simply (34) _____ as comic characters. The problem is, how do such cartoons relate to the way people truly see each other? Does a joke always contain some grain of truth, however much we may dislike to admit it? In other words, is life really a series of mother-in-law jokes? Or do jokes have a life of their own, with a (35) _______ of stereotypes we can recognize, like the Englishman with his umbrella and bowler hat, or the Frenchman with his striped jumper and beret?
Question 34
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 31 to 35.
If cartoons are anything to go by, then the attitude of the British towards the family, and of British men towards the (31) ________ sex, has not changed much recently, despite attempts to shame people into admitting their prejudices. The mother-in-law, frequently of horrific (32) _______ and usually either about to visit, or being somehow driven from the house is still a favorite butt of this kind of humor. Marriage itself has been reduced to the skinny male, dominated by a massive female who habitually lies in wait with the rolling pin behind the door for the return of her drunken spouse. Children are rarely shown other than as screaming infants, or else as ill-favoured urchins who (33) _____ all their time being objectionable or asking for money. The old are simply (34) _____ as comic characters. The problem is, how do such cartoons relate to the way people truly see each other? Does a joke always contain some grain of truth, however much we may dislike to admit it? In other words, is life really a series of mother-in-law jokes? Or do jokes have a life of their own, with a (35) _______ of stereotypes we can recognize, like the Englishman with his umbrella and bowler hat, or the Frenchman with his striped jumper and beret?
Question 33
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 31 to 35.
If cartoons are anything to go by, then the attitude of the British towards the family, and of British men towards the (31) ________ sex, has not changed much recently, despite attempts to shame people into admitting their prejudices. The mother-in-law, frequently of horrific (32) _______ and usually either about to visit, or being somehow driven from the house is still a favorite butt of this kind of humor. Marriage itself has been reduced to the skinny male, dominated by a massive female who habitually lies in wait with the rolling pin behind the door for the return of her drunken spouse. Children are rarely shown other than as screaming infants, or else as ill-favoured urchins who (33) _____ all their time being objectionable or asking for money. The old are simply (34) _____ as comic characters. The problem is, how do such cartoons relate to the way people truly see each other? Does a joke always contain some grain of truth, however much we may dislike to admit it? In other words, is life really a series of mother-in-law jokes? Or do jokes have a life of their own, with a (35) _______ of stereotypes we can recognize, like the Englishman with his umbrella and bowler hat, or the Frenchman with his striped jumper and beret?
Question 32
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 31 to 35.
If cartoons are anything to go by, then the attitude of the British towards the family, and of British men towards the (31) ________ sex, has not changed much recently, despite attempts to shame people into admitting their prejudices. The mother-in-law, frequently of horrific (32) _______ and usually either about to visit, or being somehow driven from the house is still a favorite butt of this kind of humor. Marriage itself has been reduced to the skinny male, dominated by a massive female who habitually lies in wait with the rolling pin behind the door for the return of her drunken spouse. Children are rarely shown other than as screaming infants, or else as ill-favoured urchins who (33) _____ all their time being objectionable or asking for money. The old are simply (34) _____ as comic characters. The problem is, how do such cartoons relate to the way people truly see each other? Does a joke always contain some grain of truth, however much we may dislike to admit it? In other words, is life really a series of mother-in-law jokes? Or do jokes have a life of their own, with a (35) _______ of stereotypes we can recognize, like the Englishman with his umbrella and bowler hat, or the Frenchman with his striped jumper and beret?
Question 31
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 35 to 42.
It is commonly believed in the United States that school is where people go to get an education. Nevertheless, it has been said that today children interrupt their education to go to school. The distinction between schooling and education implied by this remark is important.
Education is much more open-ended and all-inclusive than schooling. Education knows no bounds. It can take place anywhere, whether in the shower or on the job, whether in a kitchen or on a tractor. It includes both the formal learning that takes place in schools and the whole universe of informal learning. The agents of education can range from a revered grandparent to the people debating politics on the radio, from a child to a distinguished scientist. Whereas schooling has a certain predictability, education quite often produces surprises. A chance conversation with a stranger may lead a person to discover how little is known of other religions. People are engaged in education in infancy. Education, then, is a very broad, inclusive term. It is a lifelong process, a process that starts long before the start of school, and one that should be an integral part of one’s entire life.
Schooling, on the other hand, is a specific, formalized process, whose general pattern varies little from one setting to the next. Throughout a country, children arrive at school at approximately the same time, take assigned seats, are taught by an adult, use similar textbooks, do homework, take exams, and so on. The slices of reality that are to be learned, whether they are the alphabet or an understanding of the workings of government, have usually been limited by the boundaries of the subjects being taught. For example, high school students know that they are not likely to find out in their classes the truth about political problems in their communities or what the newest filmmakers are experimenting with. There are definite conditions surrounding the formalized process of schooling
What does the author probably mean by using the expression “children interrupt their education to go to school” in paragraph 1 ?
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 31 to 35.
GETTING TO THE ROOT OF BONSAI CRIME
Bonsai trees have always been a source of great fascination to people. They are perfect miniatures, grown in pots small enough to sit on a windowsill. You have to keep reminding yourself that these frees are actually real and identical to their larger cousins in all (31) ______except their size. Rather like other small and perfectly-formed artifacts, bonsai trees command quite a high price in the marketplace and so it doesn't come as a great surprise to find that they also (32) ______the attention of thieves. It seems that quite a flourishing business has evolved, in which they are stolen from the homes of growers and collectors, then repotted and trimmed by unscrupulous dealers, to be sold on, at good prices, to (33) ______buyers.
One of Britain's top collectors of bonsai trees, Paul Widdington, believes that he has found a solution, however. After losing his life's work, valued at £250,000, when burglars broke into his home one night, Paul decided to (34) ______the possibilities of electronically tagging the trees he bought as a replacement. This involves injecting a microchip the size of a grain of rice into the trunk of each tree. Each chip is a laser-etched with information which is stored in a central register held by the police. Paul is quite aware that this kind of data-tagging doesn't (35) ______thieves from stealing the trees in the first place, although it may increase the chances of getting them back. So he's also installing a security alarm system complete with infra-red detectors, in his home.
Question 35
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 31 to 35.
GETTING TO THE ROOT OF BONSAI CRIME
Bonsai trees have always been a source of great fascination to people. They are perfect miniatures, grown in pots small enough to sit on a windowsill. You have to keep reminding yourself that these frees are actually real and identical to their larger cousins in all (31) ______except their size. Rather like other small and perfectly-formed artifacts, bonsai trees command quite a high price in the marketplace and so it doesn't come as a great surprise to find that they also (32) ______the attention of thieves. It seems that quite a flourishing business has evolved, in which they are stolen from the homes of growers and collectors, then repotted and trimmed by unscrupulous dealers, to be sold on, at good prices, to (33) ______buyers.
One of Britain's top collectors of bonsai trees, Paul Widdington, believes that he has found a solution, however. After losing his life's work, valued at £250,000, when burglars broke into his home one night, Paul decided to (34) ______the possibilities of electronically tagging the trees he bought as a replacement. This involves injecting a microchip the size of a grain of rice into the trunk of each tree. Each chip is a laser-etched with information which is stored in a central register held by the police. Paul is quite aware that this kind of data-tagging doesn't (35) ______thieves from stealing the trees in the first place, although it may increase the chances of getting them back. So he's also installing a security alarm system complete with infra-red detectors, in his home.
Question 34
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 35 to 42.
It is commonly believed in the United States that school is where people go to get an education. Nevertheless, it has been said that today children interrupt their education to go to school. The distinction between schooling and education implied by this remark is important.
Education is much more open-ended and all-inclusive than schooling. Education knows no bounds. It can take place anywhere, whether in the shower or on the job, whether in a kitchen or on a tractor. It includes both the formal learning that takes place in schools and the whole universe of informal learning. The agents of education can range from a revered grandparent to the people debating politics on the radio, from a child to a distinguished scientist. Whereas schooling has a certain predictability, education quite often produces surprises. A chance conversation with a stranger may lead a person to discover how little is known of other religions. People are engaged in education in infancy. Education, then, is a very broad, inclusive term. It is a lifelong process, a process that starts long before the start of school, and one that should be an integral part of one’s entire life.
Schooling, on the other hand, is a specific, formalized process, whose general pattern varies little from one setting to the next. Throughout a country, children arrive at school at approximately the same time, take assigned seats, are taught by an adult, use similar textbooks, do homework, take exams, and so on. The slices of reality that are to be learned, whether they are the alphabet or an understanding of the workings of government, have usually been limited by the boundaries of the subjects being taught. For example, high school students know that they are not likely to find out in their classes the truth about political problems in their communities or what the newest filmmakers are experimenting with. There are definite conditions surrounding the formalized process of schooling
The word “chance” in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to _____________
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 28 to 34.
For many people who live in cities, parks are an important part of the landscape. They provide a place for people to relax and play sports, as well as arefuge from theoften harsh environment of a city. What people often overlook is that parks also provide considerable environmental benefits.
One benefit of parks is that plants absorb carbon dioxide-a key pollutant-and emit oxygen, which humans need to breathe. According to one study, an acre of trees can absorb the same amount of carbon dioxide that a typical car emits in 11,000 miles of driving. Parks also make cities cooler. Scientists have long noted what is called the Urban Heat Island Effect: building materials such as metal, concrete, and asphalt absorb much more of the sun’s heat and release it much more quickly than organic surfaces like trees and grass. Because city landscapes contain so much ot these building materials, cities are usually warmer than surrounding rural areas. Parks and other green spaces help to mitigate the Urban Heat Island Effect.
Unfortunately, many cities cannot easily create more parks because most land is already being used for buildings, roads, parking lots, and other essential parts of the urban environment. However, cities could benefit from many of the positive effects of parks by encouraging citizens to create another type of green space: rooftop gardens. While most people would not think of starting a garden on their roof, human beings have been planting gardens on rooftops for thousands of years. Some rooftop gardens are very complex and require complicated engineering, but others are simple container gardens that anyone can create with the investment of a few hundred dollars and a few hours of work.
Rooftop gardens provide many of the same benefits as other urban park and garden spaces, but without taking up the much-needed land. Like parks, rooftop gardens help to replace carbon dioxide in the air with nourishing oxygen. They also help to lessen the Urban Heat Island Effect, which can save people money. In the summer, rooftop gardens prevent buildings from absorbing heat from the sun, which can significantly reduce cooling bills. In the winter, gardens help hold in the heat that materials like brick and concrete radiate so quickly, leading to savings on heating bills. Rooftop vegetable and herb gardens can also provide fresh food for city dwellers, saving them money and making their diets healthier. Rooftop gardens are not only something everyone can enjoy, they are also a smart environmental investment.
Using the information in paragraph 2 as a guide, it can be inferred that _____________ .
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 31 to 35.
GETTING TO THE ROOT OF BONSAI CRIME
Bonsai trees have always been a source of great fascination to people. They are perfect miniatures, grown in pots small enough to sit on a windowsill. You have to keep reminding yourself that these frees are actually real and identical to their larger cousins in all (31) ______except their size. Rather like other small and perfectly-formed artifacts, bonsai trees command quite a high price in the marketplace and so it doesn't come as a great surprise to find that they also (32) ______the attention of thieves. It seems that quite a flourishing business has evolved, in which they are stolen from the homes of growers and collectors, then repotted and trimmed by unscrupulous dealers, to be sold on, at good prices, to (33) ______buyers.
One of Britain's top collectors of bonsai trees, Paul Widdington, believes that he has found a solution, however. After losing his life's work, valued at £250,000, when burglars broke into his home one night, Paul decided to (34) ______the possibilities of electronically tagging the trees he bought as a replacement. This involves injecting a microchip the size of a grain of rice into the trunk of each tree. Each chip is a laser-etched with information which is stored in a central register held by the police. Paul is quite aware that this kind of data-tagging doesn't (35) ______thieves from stealing the trees in the first place, although it may increase the chances of getting them back. So he's also installing a security alarm system complete with infra-red detectors, in his home.
Question 33
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 31 to 35.
GETTING TO THE ROOT OF BONSAI CRIME
Bonsai trees have always been a source of great fascination to people. They are perfect miniatures, grown in pots small enough to sit on a windowsill. You have to keep reminding yourself that these frees are actually real and identical to their larger cousins in all (31) ______except their size. Rather like other small and perfectly-formed artifacts, bonsai trees command quite a high price in the marketplace and so it doesn't come as a great surprise to find that they also (32) ______the attention of thieves. It seems that quite a flourishing business has evolved, in which they are stolen from the homes of growers and collectors, then repotted and trimmed by unscrupulous dealers, to be sold on, at good prices, to (33) ______buyers.
One of Britain's top collectors of bonsai trees, Paul Widdington, believes that he has found a solution, however. After losing his life's work, valued at £250,000, when burglars broke into his home one night, Paul decided to (34) ______the possibilities of electronically tagging the trees he bought as a replacement. This involves injecting a microchip the size of a grain of rice into the trunk of each tree. Each chip is a laser-etched with information which is stored in a central register held by the police. Paul is quite aware that this kind of data-tagging doesn't (35) ______thieves from stealing the trees in the first place, although it may increase the chances of getting them back. So he's also installing a security alarm system complete with infra-red detectors, in his home.
Question 32
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 35 to 42.
New surveys suggest that the technological tools we use to make our lives easier are killing our leisure time. We are working longer hours, taking fewer and shorter vacations (and when we do go away, we take our cell phones, PDAs, and laptops along). And, we are more stressed than ever as increased use of e-mail, voice mail, cell phones, and the Internet is destroying any idea of privacy and leisure.
Since the Industrial Revolution, people have assumed that new labor-saving devices would free them from the burdens of the workplace and give them more time to grow intellectually, creatively, and socially - exploring the arts, keeping up with current events, spending more time with friends and family, and even just ‘goofing off’.
But here we are at the start of the 21st century, enjoying one of the greatest technological boom times in human history, and nothing could be further from the truth. The very tools that were supposed to liberate us have bound us to our work and study in ways that were inconceivable just a few years ago. It would seem that technology almost never does what we expect.
In ‘the old days’, the lines between work and leisure time were markedly clearer. People left their offices at a predictable time, were often completely disconnected from and out of touch with their jobs as they traveled to and from work, and were off-duty once they were home. That is no longer true. In today's highly competitive job market, employers demand increased productivity, expecting workers to put in longer hours and to keep in touch almost constantly via fax, cell phones, e-mail, or other communications devices. As a result, employees feel the need to check in on what is going on at the office, even on days off. They feel pressured to work after hours just to catch up on everything they have to do. Workers work harder and longer, change their work tasks more frequently, and have more and more reasons to worry about job security.
Bosses, colleagues, family members, lovers, and friends expect instant responses to voice mail and email messages. Even college students have become bound to their desks by an environment in which faculty, friends, and other members of the college community increasingly do their work online. Studies of time spent on instant messaging services would probably show staggering use.
This is not what technology was supposed to be doing for us. New technologies from genetic research to the Internet, offer all sorts of benefits and opportunities. But, when new tools make life more difficult and stressful rather than easier and more meaningful - and we are, as a society, barely conscious of it - then something has gone seriously awry, both with our expectations for technology and our understanding of how it should benefit us.
It can be inferred from the fourth paragraph that __________.