Danh sách câu hỏi ( Có 86,238 câu hỏi trên 1,725 trang )

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 28 to 34. FLASH MOBS -A NEW KIND OF EVENT   In 2003, an unusually large number of customers arrived without warning in the carpet department of Macy’s Department store in New York. The assistants couldn’t see why all of them were so interested in buying exactly the same carpet. In 2006,4,000 people arrived with MP3 players and headsets at a London railway station and started dancing at a set time. As no music could be heard, this looked veiy strange. Police were even called to make sure that trains continued to run on time, but when they arrived the dancers had gone. In March 2013, more than 2,000 people gathered in Seoul, South Korea, complete with musical instruments, and started to dance. Many were students from Sungsin Girls’ High School - they joined other Earth Hour supporters and collected a staggering 150,000 signatures from local citizens in support of the campaign. In Korea, an estimated 12 million people participated in Earth Hour 2013. These are three samples of ‘flash mob’ events, when a crowd of people suddenly come together in a public place, perform an unusual action, and appear as quickly as they appear. They are organised using electronic media such as mobile phones or the internet.   To their fans, flash mobs are simply a chance to have some lighthearted, if rather silly, fun. However, when just under 2,000 people got together in San Francisco for an enormous pillow fight, it ended up costing thousands of dollars. Unfortunately, a heavy rainstorm meant that the city was left covered with wet feathers, which caused streets, shops, and a restaurant to be flooded, and ruin the local fountain. It took several days to put the damage right. Norman Dito, head of the city’s Recreation and Park Department said, ‘In future, organizers of such events should apply for permission beforehand and pay the standard fee to cover security, insurance, and cleaning up afterwards. Sadly, I think this is unlikely to happen, since nobody knows who the organizers are, or when or where a flash mob will take place next.   Crimes associated with flash mobs are rare, but occasionally make international headlines. Sometimes referred to as ‘flash robs’ by the media, these start with the intent to destroy, or lead to the destruction of private property or violence. Professor of Psychology Mark Leary explains that as social media adds the ability to recruit a large number of people, individuals who would not rob a store on their own feel freer to misbehave without being identified. In Germany, the authorities in some cities have taken things even further by strictly enforcing an already-existing law that says a special Permit must be obtained to use a public space for any event. All of the following are true about flash mobs events EXCEPT _____________

Xem chi tiết 2.1 K lượt xem 5 năm trước

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 28 to 34. FLASH MOBS -A NEW KIND OF EVENT   In 2003, an unusually large number of customers arrived without warning in the carpet department of Macy’s Department store in New York. The assistants couldn’t see why all of them were so interested in buying exactly the same carpet. In 2006,4,000 people arrived with MP3 players and headsets at a London railway station and started dancing at a set time. As no music could be heard, this looked veiy strange. Police were even called to make sure that trains continued to run on time, but when they arrived the dancers had gone. In March 2013, more than 2,000 people gathered in Seoul, South Korea, complete with musical instruments, and started to dance. Many were students from Sungsin Girls’ High School - they joined other Earth Hour supporters and collected a staggering 150,000 signatures from local citizens in support of the campaign. In Korea, an estimated 12 million people participated in Earth Hour 2013. These are three samples of ‘flash mob’ events, when a crowd of people suddenly come together in a public place, perform an unusual action, and appear as quickly as they appear. They are organised using electronic media such as mobile phones or the internet.   To their fans, flash mobs are simply a chance to have some lighthearted, if rather silly, fun. However, when just under 2,000 people got together in San Francisco for an enormous pillow fight, it ended up costing thousands of dollars. Unfortunately, a heavy rainstorm meant that the city was left covered with wet feathers, which caused streets, shops, and a restaurant to be flooded, and ruin the local fountain. It took several days to put the damage right. Norman Dito, head of the city’s Recreation and Park Department said, ‘In future, organizers of such events should apply for permission beforehand and pay the standard fee to cover security, insurance, and cleaning up afterwards. Sadly, I think this is unlikely to happen, since nobody knows who the organizers are, or when or where a flash mob will take place next.   Crimes associated with flash mobs are rare, but occasionally make international headlines. Sometimes referred to as ‘flash robs’ by the media, these start with the intent to destroy, or lead to the destruction of private property or violence. Professor of Psychology Mark Leary explains that as social media adds the ability to recruit a large number of people, individuals who would not rob a store on their own feel freer to misbehave without being identified. In Germany, the authorities in some cities have taken things even further by strictly enforcing an already-existing law that says a special Permit must be obtained to use a public space for any event. The word “recruit” is closest in meaning to _____________

Xem chi tiết 766 lượt xem 5 năm trước

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 28 to 34. FLASH MOBS -A NEW KIND OF EVENT   In 2003, an unusually large number of customers arrived without warning in the carpet department of Macy’s Department store in New York. The assistants couldn’t see why all of them were so interested in buying exactly the same carpet. In 2006,4,000 people arrived with MP3 players and headsets at a London railway station and started dancing at a set time. As no music could be heard, this looked veiy strange. Police were even called to make sure that trains continued to run on time, but when they arrived the dancers had gone. In March 2013, more than 2,000 people gathered in Seoul, South Korea, complete with musical instruments, and started to dance. Many were students from Sungsin Girls’ High School - they joined other Earth Hour supporters and collected a staggering 150,000 signatures from local citizens in support of the campaign. In Korea, an estimated 12 million people participated in Earth Hour 2013. These are three samples of ‘flash mob’ events, when a crowd of people suddenly come together in a public place, perform an unusual action, and appear as quickly as they appear. They are organised using electronic media such as mobile phones or the internet.   To their fans, flash mobs are simply a chance to have some lighthearted, if rather silly, fun. However, when just under 2,000 people got together in San Francisco for an enormous pillow fight, it ended up costing thousands of dollars. Unfortunately, a heavy rainstorm meant that the city was left covered with wet feathers, which caused streets, shops, and a restaurant to be flooded, and ruin the local fountain. It took several days to put the damage right. Norman Dito, head of the city’s Recreation and Park Department said, ‘In future, organizers of such events should apply for permission beforehand and pay the standard fee to cover security, insurance, and cleaning up afterwards. Sadly, I think this is unlikely to happen, since nobody knows who the organizers are, or when or where a flash mob will take place next.   Crimes associated with flash mobs are rare, but occasionally make international headlines. Sometimes referred to as ‘flash robs’ by the media, these start with the intent to destroy, or lead to the destruction of private property or violence. Professor of Psychology Mark Leary explains that as social media adds the ability to recruit a large number of people, individuals who would not rob a store on their own feel freer to misbehave without being identified. In Germany, the authorities in some cities have taken things even further by strictly enforcing an already-existing law that says a special Permit must be obtained to use a public space for any event. The word “it” in paragraph 2 refers to _____________    .

Xem chi tiết 779 lượt xem 5 năm trước

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 28 to 34. FLASH MOBS -A NEW KIND OF EVENT   In 2003, an unusually large number of customers arrived without warning in the carpet department of Macy’s Department store in New York. The assistants couldn’t see why all of them were so interested in buying exactly the same carpet. In 2006,4,000 people arrived with MP3 players and headsets at a London railway station and started dancing at a set time. As no music could be heard, this looked veiy strange. Police were even called to make sure that trains continued to run on time, but when they arrived the dancers had gone. In March 2013, more than 2,000 people gathered in Seoul, South Korea, complete with musical instruments, and started to dance. Many were students from Sungsin Girls’ High School - they joined other Earth Hour supporters and collected a staggering 150,000 signatures from local citizens in support of the campaign. In Korea, an estimated 12 million people participated in Earth Hour 2013. These are three samples of ‘flash mob’ events, when a crowd of people suddenly come together in a public place, perform an unusual action, and appear as quickly as they appear. They are organised using electronic media such as mobile phones or the internet.   To their fans, flash mobs are simply a chance to have some lighthearted, if rather silly, fun. However, when just under 2,000 people got together in San Francisco for an enormous pillow fight, it ended up costing thousands of dollars. Unfortunately, a heavy rainstorm meant that the city was left covered with wet feathers, which caused streets, shops, and a restaurant to be flooded, and ruin the local fountain. It took several days to put the damage right. Norman Dito, head of the city’s Recreation and Park Department said, ‘In future, organizers of such events should apply for permission beforehand and pay the standard fee to cover security, insurance, and cleaning up afterwards. Sadly, I think this is unlikely to happen, since nobody knows who the organizers are, or when or where a flash mob will take place next.   Crimes associated with flash mobs are rare, but occasionally make international headlines. Sometimes referred to as ‘flash robs’ by the media, these start with the intent to destroy, or lead to the destruction of private property or violence. Professor of Psychology Mark Leary explains that as social media adds the ability to recruit a large number of people, individuals who would not rob a store on their own feel freer to misbehave without being identified. In Germany, the authorities in some cities have taken things even further by strictly enforcing an already-existing law that says a special Permit must be obtained to use a public space for any event. The police were called to the London railway station to _____________

Xem chi tiết 3.7 K lượt xem 5 năm trước

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 28 to 34. FLASH MOBS -A NEW KIND OF EVENT   In 2003, an unusually large number of customers arrived without warning in the carpet department of Macy’s Department store in New York. The assistants couldn’t see why all of them were so interested in buying exactly the same carpet. In 2006,4,000 people arrived with MP3 players and headsets at a London railway station and started dancing at a set time. As no music could be heard, this looked veiy strange. Police were even called to make sure that trains continued to run on time, but when they arrived the dancers had gone. In March 2013, more than 2,000 people gathered in Seoul, South Korea, complete with musical instruments, and started to dance. Many were students from Sungsin Girls’ High School - they joined other Earth Hour supporters and collected a staggering 150,000 signatures from local citizens in support of the campaign. In Korea, an estimated 12 million people participated in Earth Hour 2013. These are three samples of ‘flash mob’ events, when a crowd of people suddenly come together in a public place, perform an unusual action, and appear as quickly as they appear. They are organised using electronic media such as mobile phones or the internet.   To their fans, flash mobs are simply a chance to have some lighthearted, if rather silly, fun. However, when just under 2,000 people got together in San Francisco for an enormous pillow fight, it ended up costing thousands of dollars. Unfortunately, a heavy rainstorm meant that the city was left covered with wet feathers, which caused streets, shops, and a restaurant to be flooded, and ruin the local fountain. It took several days to put the damage right. Norman Dito, head of the city’s Recreation and Park Department said, ‘In future, organizers of such events should apply for permission beforehand and pay the standard fee to cover security, insurance, and cleaning up afterwards. Sadly, I think this is unlikely to happen, since nobody knows who the organizers are, or when or where a flash mob will take place next.   Crimes associated with flash mobs are rare, but occasionally make international headlines. Sometimes referred to as ‘flash robs’ by the media, these start with the intent to destroy, or lead to the destruction of private property or violence. Professor of Psychology Mark Leary explains that as social media adds the ability to recruit a large number of people, individuals who would not rob a store on their own feel freer to misbehave without being identified. In Germany, the authorities in some cities have taken things even further by strictly enforcing an already-existing law that says a special Permit must be obtained to use a public space for any event. The shop assistants in Macy’s didn’t understand _____________ 

Xem chi tiết 2.6 K lượt xem 5 năm trước

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 28 to 34. FLASH MOBS -A NEW KIND OF EVENT   In 2003, an unusually large number of customers arrived without warning in the carpet department of Macy’s Department store in New York. The assistants couldn’t see why all of them were so interested in buying exactly the same carpet. In 2006,4,000 people arrived with MP3 players and headsets at a London railway station and started dancing at a set time. As no music could be heard, this looked veiy strange. Police were even called to make sure that trains continued to run on time, but when they arrived the dancers had gone. In March 2013, more than 2,000 people gathered in Seoul, South Korea, complete with musical instruments, and started to dance. Many were students from Sungsin Girls’ High School - they joined other Earth Hour supporters and collected a staggering 150,000 signatures from local citizens in support of the campaign. In Korea, an estimated 12 million people participated in Earth Hour 2013. These are three samples of ‘flash mob’ events, when a crowd of people suddenly come together in a public place, perform an unusual action, and appear as quickly as they appear. They are organised using electronic media such as mobile phones or the internet.   To their fans, flash mobs are simply a chance to have some lighthearted, if rather silly, fun. However, when just under 2,000 people got together in San Francisco for an enormous pillow fight, it ended up costing thousands of dollars. Unfortunately, a heavy rainstorm meant that the city was left covered with wet feathers, which caused streets, shops, and a restaurant to be flooded, and ruin the local fountain. It took several days to put the damage right. Norman Dito, head of the city’s Recreation and Park Department said, ‘In future, organizers of such events should apply for permission beforehand and pay the standard fee to cover security, insurance, and cleaning up afterwards. Sadly, I think this is unlikely to happen, since nobody knows who the organizers are, or when or where a flash mob will take place next.   Crimes associated with flash mobs are rare, but occasionally make international headlines. Sometimes referred to as ‘flash robs’ by the media, these start with the intent to destroy, or lead to the destruction of private property or violence. Professor of Psychology Mark Leary explains that as social media adds the ability to recruit a large number of people, individuals who would not rob a store on their own feel freer to misbehave without being identified. In Germany, the authorities in some cities have taken things even further by strictly enforcing an already-existing law that says a special Permit must be obtained to use a public space for any event. The primary purpose of the passage is to _____________

Xem chi tiết 2 K lượt xem 5 năm trước

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 23 to 27. Fill in the appropriate word in question 23 What make a good souvenir?   On my desk at home, I have a collection of souvenirs; objects that remind me of places I’ve visited and important events in my life. These objects include a model boat that I saw being carved from a piece of wood on a Caribbean island, a piece of lava that emerged hot from a volcano in the year I was bom, and a shell (23) _____________ on my favourite childhood beach.   Unlike everything else, from which memory and detail fades, it is as if the longer you hold on to certain objects, the (24)_____________  their associations with the past become, and the sharper the recollections that gather around them. They are, (25) _____________ , real souvenirs, encapsulations not only of the place, but of your time in the place. But these days, the term “real souvenirs” sounds like a contradiction in terms, and this is because the objects sold to tourists as souvenirs are often cheap mass-produced imports that have nothing to do with the place at all.   It’s often the (26) _____________ that the best souvenirs, like my shell, are found rather than purchased, but browsing for souvenirs can also be a fun holiday activity. But if you are buying souvenirs on holiday this summer, make sure they (27) _____________  the reality test. A good souvenir is not just made in the area where it is bought, it also says something about the culture of that area. It is something made by local people using sustainable local materials, and because you are effectively supporting the local economy, it shouldn’t come too cheap, either.

Xem chi tiết 1.3 K lượt xem 5 năm trước

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 23 to 27. Fill in the appropriate word in question 23 What make a good souvenir?   On my desk at home, I have a collection of souvenirs; objects that remind me of places I’ve visited and important events in my life. These objects include a model boat that I saw being carved from a piece of wood on a Caribbean island, a piece of lava that emerged hot from a volcano in the year I was bom, and a shell (23) _____________ on my favourite childhood beach.   Unlike everything else, from which memory and detail fades, it is as if the longer you hold on to certain objects, the (24)_____________  their associations with the past become, and the sharper the recollections that gather around them. They are, (25) _____________ , real souvenirs, encapsulations not only of the place, but of your time in the place. But these days, the term “real souvenirs” sounds like a contradiction in terms, and this is because the objects sold to tourists as souvenirs are often cheap mass-produced imports that have nothing to do with the place at all.   It’s often the (26) _____________ that the best souvenirs, like my shell, are found rather than purchased, but browsing for souvenirs can also be a fun holiday activity. But if you are buying souvenirs on holiday this summer, make sure they (27) _____________  the reality test. A good souvenir is not just made in the area where it is bought, it also says something about the culture of that area. It is something made by local people using sustainable local materials, and because you are effectively supporting the local economy, it shouldn’t come too cheap, either.

Xem chi tiết 2.4 K lượt xem 5 năm trước

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 23 to 27. Fill in the appropriate word in question 25 What make a good souvenir?   On my desk at home, I have a collection of souvenirs; objects that remind me of places I’ve visited and important events in my life. These objects include a model boat that I saw being carved from a piece of wood on a Caribbean island, a piece of lava that emerged hot from a volcano in the year I was bom, and a shell (23) _____________ on my favourite childhood beach.   Unlike everything else, from which memory and detail fades, it is as if the longer you hold on to certain objects, the (24)_____________  their associations with the past become, and the sharper the recollections that gather around them. They are, (25) _____________ , real souvenirs, encapsulations not only of the place, but of your time in the place. But these days, the term “real souvenirs” sounds like a contradiction in terms, and this is because the objects sold to tourists as souvenirs are often cheap mass-produced imports that have nothing to do with the place at all.   It’s often the (26) _____________ that the best souvenirs, like my shell, are found rather than purchased, but browsing for souvenirs can also be a fun holiday activity. But if you are buying souvenirs on holiday this summer, make sure they (27) _____________  the reality test. A good souvenir is not just made in the area where it is bought, it also says something about the culture of that area. It is something made by local people using sustainable local materials, and because you are effectively supporting the local economy, it shouldn’t come too cheap, either.

Xem chi tiết 689 lượt xem 5 năm trước

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 61 to 65. The Origin of Jeans In 1853, the California gold rush was in full swing and everyday items were in short supply. Levi Srrauss, a 24-year-old German immigrant, left New York for San Francisco with a small supply of dry goods with the intention of opening a branch of his brother’s New York dry goods business. Shortly after his arrival, a prospector wanted to know what Mr. Strauss was selling. When Strauss told him he had rough canvas cloth to use for tents and wagon covers, the prospector said, “You should have brought trousers!”, because he couldn’t find a pair of trousers strong enough to last. Levi Strauss had the canvas made into work trousers. Miners liked the trousers, but complained that the fabric was not very comfortable and tended to chafe. Levi Strauss substituted the canvas with a twilled cotton cloth from France called “serge de Nimes.” The fabric later became known as denim and the trousers were nicknamed blue jeans. Then Levi Strauss and Nevada tailor David Jacobs co-patented the process of putting small metal rivets in places such as the sides of the pockets that needed extra strength. On May 20, 1873, they received U.S. Patent No. 139.121 This date is now considered the official birthday of“blue jeans” But why were they called blue jeans? Denim is unique in its singular connection with one color. It is made from thread that is traditionally dyed with the blue pigment obtained from indigo dye. Indigo was linked with practical fabrics and work clothing. The durability of indigo as a color and its darkness of tone made it a good choice when frequent washing was not possible. Which best describes indigo dye?

Xem chi tiết 530 lượt xem 5 năm trước

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 36 to 45. PHOBIAS CONTROL THE EYES People with an overpowering fear of something may not be able to consciously control the direction of their gaze when faced with a picture that provokes that fear. Those with a fear of spiders, or arachnophobia, may not be able to avoid looking toward a spider in the grass, while those without the fear can. To reach this finding, 26 college students - half of whom had arachnophobia - were outfitted with a device that tracks eye movements. The participants were then shown a four-by-four grid of flowers on a computer screen, where a picture of a grey-brown spider and a grey-brown mushroom each occupied one space on the grid. In one trial, the students were asked to press the spacebar when they spotted a mushroom, but to ignore any spiders. In a second, the students were asked to press the key when they saw the spider, but to avoid looking at mushrooms. When instructed to ignore the spider and spot the mushroom, the students with arachnophobia could not avoid looking at the spider - causing them to notice the mushroom three-tenths of a second more slowly than the control group. Additionally, when the students were asked to search for the spider, the arachnophobic students found the spider and pressed the space bar about three-tenths of a second more quickly than the non-phobic students. These findings show that the attention processes of people with a powerful fear of spiders may be beyond their conscious control. This suggests that treatments that focus on conscious thought processes may not work for such phobias. Instead, therapists could focus on treatments such as systematic desensitization. What is the purpose of the passage?

Xem chi tiết 603 lượt xem 5 năm trước

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 36 to 45. PHOBIAS CONTROL THE EYES People with an overpowering fear of something may not be able to consciously control the direction of their gaze when faced with a picture that provokes that fear. Those with a fear of spiders, or arachnophobia, may not be able to avoid looking toward a spider in the grass, while those without the fear can. To reach this finding, 26 college students - half of whom had arachnophobia - were outfitted with a device that tracks eye movements. The participants were then shown a four-by-four grid of flowers on a computer screen, where a picture of a grey-brown spider and a grey-brown mushroom each occupied one space on the grid. In one trial, the students were asked to press the spacebar when they spotted a mushroom, but to ignore any spiders. In a second, the students were asked to press the key when they saw the spider, but to avoid looking at mushrooms. When instructed to ignore the spider and spot the mushroom, the students with arachnophobia could not avoid looking at the spider - causing them to notice the mushroom three-tenths of a second more slowly than the control group. Additionally, when the students were asked to search for the spider, the arachnophobic students found the spider and pressed the space bar about three-tenths of a second more quickly than the non-phobic students. These findings show that the attention processes of people with a powerful fear of spiders may be beyond their conscious control. This suggests that treatments that focus on conscious thought processes may not work for such phobias. Instead, therapists could focus on treatments such as systematic desensitization. What do the results of the experiment tell us about people with phobias?

Xem chi tiết 834 lượt xem 5 năm trước

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 36 to 45. PHOBIAS CONTROL THE EYES People with an overpowering fear of something may not be able to consciously control the direction of their gaze when faced with a picture that provokes that fear. Those with a fear of spiders, or arachnophobia, may not be able to avoid looking toward a spider in the grass, while those without the fear can. To reach this finding, 26 college students - half of whom had arachnophobia - were outfitted with a device that tracks eye movements. The participants were then shown a four-by-four grid of flowers on a computer screen, where a picture of a grey-brown spider and a grey-brown mushroom each occupied one space on the grid. In one trial, the students were asked to press the spacebar when they spotted a mushroom, but to ignore any spiders. In a second, the students were asked to press the key when they saw the spider, but to avoid looking at mushrooms. When instructed to ignore the spider and spot the mushroom, the students with arachnophobia could not avoid looking at the spider - causing them to notice the mushroom three-tenths of a second more slowly than the control group. Additionally, when the students were asked to search for the spider, the arachnophobic students found the spider and pressed the space bar about three-tenths of a second more quickly than the non-phobic students. These findings show that the attention processes of people with a powerful fear of spiders may be beyond their conscious control. This suggests that treatments that focus on conscious thought processes may not work for such phobias. Instead, therapists could focus on treatments such as systematic desensitization. Why were some of the students slow to press the space bar when instructed to look at the mushroom?

Xem chi tiết 328 lượt xem 5 năm trước

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 36 to 45. PHOBIAS CONTROL THE EYES People with an overpowering fear of something may not be able to consciously control the direction of their gaze when faced with a picture that provokes that fear. Those with a fear of spiders, or arachnophobia, may not be able to avoid looking toward a spider in the grass, while those without the fear can. To reach this finding, 26 college students - half of whom had arachnophobia - were outfitted with a device that tracks eye movements. The participants were then shown a four-by-four grid of flowers on a computer screen, where a picture of a grey-brown spider and a grey-brown mushroom each occupied one space on the grid. In one trial, the students were asked to press the spacebar when they spotted a mushroom, but to ignore any spiders. In a second, the students were asked to press the key when they saw the spider, but to avoid looking at mushrooms. When instructed to ignore the spider and spot the mushroom, the students with arachnophobia could not avoid looking at the spider - causing them to notice the mushroom three-tenths of a second more slowly than the control group. Additionally, when the students were asked to search for the spider, the arachnophobic students found the spider and pressed the space bar about three-tenths of a second more quickly than the non-phobic students. These findings show that the attention processes of people with a powerful fear of spiders may be beyond their conscious control. This suggests that treatments that focus on conscious thought processes may not work for such phobias. Instead, therapists could focus on treatments such as systematic desensitization. What was the function of the spacebar?

Xem chi tiết 314 lượt xem 5 năm trước

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 23 to 27. Fill in the appropriate word in question 24 What make a good souvenir?   On my desk at home, I have a collection of souvenirs; objects that remind me of places I’ve visited and important events in my life. These objects include a model boat that I saw being carved from a piece of wood on a Caribbean island, a piece of lava that emerged hot from a volcano in the year I was bom, and a shell (23) _____________ on my favourite childhood beach.   Unlike everything else, from which memory and detail fades, it is as if the longer you hold on to certain objects, the (24)_____________  their associations with the past become, and the sharper the recollections that gather around them. They are, (25) _____________ , real souvenirs, encapsulations not only of the place, but of your time in the place. But these days, the term “real souvenirs” sounds like a contradiction in terms, and this is because the objects sold to tourists as souvenirs are often cheap mass-produced imports that have nothing to do with the place at all.   It’s often the (26) _____________ that the best souvenirs, like my shell, are found rather than purchased, but browsing for souvenirs can also be a fun holiday activity. But if you are buying souvenirs on holiday this summer, make sure they (27) _____________  the reality test. A good souvenir is not just made in the area where it is bought, it also says something about the culture of that area. It is something made by local people using sustainable local materials, and because you are effectively supporting the local economy, it shouldn’t come too cheap, either.  

Xem chi tiết 689 lượt xem 5 năm trước

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 36 to 45. PHOBIAS CONTROL THE EYES People with an overpowering fear of something may not be able to consciously control the direction of their gaze when faced with a picture that provokes that fear. Those with a fear of spiders, or arachnophobia, may not be able to avoid looking toward a spider in the grass, while those without the fear can. To reach this finding, 26 college students - half of whom had arachnophobia - were outfitted with a device that tracks eye movements. The participants were then shown a four-by-four grid of flowers on a computer screen, where a picture of a grey-brown spider and a grey-brown mushroom each occupied one space on the grid. In one trial, the students were asked to press the spacebar when they spotted a mushroom, but to ignore any spiders. In a second, the students were asked to press the key when they saw the spider, but to avoid looking at mushrooms. When instructed to ignore the spider and spot the mushroom, the students with arachnophobia could not avoid looking at the spider - causing them to notice the mushroom three-tenths of a second more slowly than the control group. Additionally, when the students were asked to search for the spider, the arachnophobic students found the spider and pressed the space bar about three-tenths of a second more quickly than the non-phobic students. These findings show that the attention processes of people with a powerful fear of spiders may be beyond their conscious control. This suggests that treatments that focus on conscious thought processes may not work for such phobias. Instead, therapists could focus on treatments such as systematic desensitization.   Why was the device to track eye movement needed?

Xem chi tiết 287 lượt xem 5 năm trước

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 23 to 27. Fill in the appropriate word in question 23 What make a good souvenir?   On my desk at home, I have a collection of souvenirs; objects that remind me of places I’ve visited and important events in my life. These objects include a model boat that I saw being carved from a piece of wood on a Caribbean island, a piece of lava that emerged hot from a volcano in the year I was bom, and a shell (23) _____________ on my favourite childhood beach.   Unlike everything else, from which memory and detail fades, it is as if the longer you hold on to certain objects, the (24)_____________  their associations with the past become, and the sharper the recollections that gather around them. They are, (25) _____________ , real souvenirs, encapsulations not only of the place, but of your time in the place. But these days, the term “real souvenirs” sounds like a contradiction in terms, and this is because the objects sold to tourists as souvenirs are often cheap mass-produced imports that have nothing to do with the place at all.   It’s often the (26) _____________ that the best souvenirs, like my shell, are found rather than purchased, but browsing for souvenirs can also be a fun holiday activity. But if you are buying souvenirs on holiday this summer, make sure they (27) _____________  the reality test. A good souvenir is not just made in the area where it is bought, it also says something about the culture of that area. It is something made by local people using sustainable local materials, and because you are effectively supporting the local economy, it shouldn’t come too cheap, either.

Xem chi tiết 595 lượt xem 5 năm trước

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 36 to 45. PHOBIAS CONTROL THE EYES People with an overpowering fear of something may not be able to consciously control the direction of their gaze when faced with a picture that provokes that fear. Those with a fear of spiders, or arachnophobia, may not be able to avoid looking toward a spider in the grass, while those without the fear can. To reach this finding, 26 college students - half of whom had arachnophobia - were outfitted with a device that tracks eye movements. The participants were then shown a four-by-four grid of flowers on a computer screen, where a picture of a grey-brown spider and a grey-brown mushroom each occupied one space on the grid. In one trial, the students were asked to press the spacebar when they spotted a mushroom, but to ignore any spiders. In a second, the students were asked to press the key when they saw the spider, but to avoid looking at mushrooms. When instructed to ignore the spider and spot the mushroom, the students with arachnophobia could not avoid looking at the spider - causing them to notice the mushroom three-tenths of a second more slowly than the control group. Additionally, when the students were asked to search for the spider, the arachnophobic students found the spider and pressed the space bar about three-tenths of a second more quickly than the non-phobic students. These findings show that the attention processes of people with a powerful fear of spiders may be beyond their conscious control. This suggests that treatments that focus on conscious thought processes may not work for such phobias. Instead, therapists could focus on treatments such as systematic desensitization. What is the main idea of the passage?

Xem chi tiết 472 lượt xem 5 năm trước