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Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word for each of the blanks.
In recent years, there has been a remarkable increase in research into happiness. The researchers have (1) ............ a number of factors which contribute to a definition of happiness. First of all, there is, in some people, a moderate genetic predisposition to be happy, in other words, happiness (2) ............ in families. And happiness seems to correlate quite strongly with the main dimensions of personalities: extroverts are generally happier, neurotics are less so. Second, people often (3) ............ good social relations as a reason for their happiness. In particular, friends are a great (4) ............ of joy, partly because of the agreeable things they do together, partly because of the way friends use positive non-verbal signals such as caressing and touching, to affirm their friendship. Marriage and similar (5) ............relationships can also form the basis of lasting happiness. Third, job satisfaction undoubtedly (6) ............ overall satisfaction, and vice versa – perhaps this is why some people are happy in boring jobs: it works in both ways. Job satisfaction is caused not only by the essential nature of the work, but also by social interactions with co-workers. Unemployment, on the contrary, can be a serious cause of unhappiness. Fourth, leisure is important because it is more under individual (7)............than most other causes of happiness. Activities (8) ............ sport and music, and participation in voluntary work and social clubs of various kinds, can give great joy. This is partly because of the (9) ............ themselves, but also because of the social support of other group members – it is very strong (10)............ the case of religious groups.
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phases that best fits each of the numbered blanks
Women nowadays have more advantages than those in the past. For example, our great grandmothers were not allowed to go to school or to work to earn their own living. (1) ______, they had to depend on their husbands financially. Modern women, on the contrary, can get good education, have their own careers, and (2) ______ their interests. They can even take good positions in politics if they are competent (3) ______ it. However, women living in our modern society have their (4) ______ too. Today women work harder than their great grandmothers so that they can gain the (5) ______ between working life and family life.
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.
Glass is a remarkable substance made from the simplest raw materials. It can be colored or colorless, monochrome or polychrome, transparent, translucent, or opaque. It is lightweight impermeable to liquids, readily cleaned and reused, durable yet fragile, and often very beautiful Glass can be decorated in multiple ways and its optical properties are exceptional. In all its myriad forms – as table ware, containers, in architecture and design –glass represents a major achievement in the history of technological developments. Since the Bronze Age about 3,000 B.C., glass has been used for making various kinds of objects. It was first made from a mixture of silica, line and an alkali such as soda or potash, and these remained the basic ingredients of glass until the development of lead glass in the seventeenth century. When heated, the mixture becomes soft and malleable and can be formed by various techniques into a vast array of shapes and sizes. The homogeneous mass thus formed by melting then cools to create glass, but in contrast to most materials formed in this way (metals, for instance), glass lacks the crystalline structure normally associated with solids, and instead retains the random molecular structure of a liquid. In effect, as molten glass cools, it progressively stiffens until rigid, but does so without setting up a network of interlocking crystals customarily associated with that process. This is why glass shatters so easily when dealt a blow. Why glass deteriorates over time, especially when exposed to moisture, and why glassware must be slowly reheated and uniformly cooled after manufacture to release internal stresses induced by uneven cooling. Another unusual feature of glass is the manner in which its viscosity changes as it turns from a cold substance into a hot, ductile liquid. Unlike metals that flow or “freeze” at specific temperatures glass progressively softens as the temperature rises, going through varying stages of malleability until it flows like a thick syrup. Each stage of malleability allows the glass to be manipulated into various forms, by different techniques, and if suddenly cooled the object retains the shape achieved at that point. Glass is thus amenable to a greater number of heat-forming techniques than most other materials.
Why does the author list the characteristics of glass in paragraph 1?