Cho hàm số f(x) liên tục trên đoạn \[\left[ {0;1} \right]\;\]và \[\mathop \smallint \limits_0^{\frac{\pi }{2}} f\left( {\sin x} \right)dx = 5\] Tính \[I = \mathop \smallint \limits_0^\pi xf\left( {\sin x} \right)dx\]

Ta có:\[I = \mathop \smallint \limits_0^\pi xf\left( {\sin x} \right)dx = \mathop \smallint \limits_0^{\frac{\pi }{2}} xf\left( {\sin x} \right)dx + \mathop \smallint \limits_{\frac{\pi }{2}}^\pi xf\left( {\sin x} \right)dx\]

Xét \[{I_1} = \mathop \smallint \limits_{\frac{\pi }{2}}^\pi xf\left( {\sin x} \right)dx\]đặt\[t = \pi - x \Rightarrow dt = - dx\]

Đổi cận: \(\left\{ {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}{x = \frac{\pi }{2} \Rightarrow t = \frac{\pi }{2}}\\{x = \pi \Rightarrow t = 0}\end{array}} \right.\)

Khi đó ta có:

\[\begin{array}{*{20}{l}}{{I_1} = - \mathop \smallint \limits_{\frac{\pi }{2}}^0 \left( {\pi - t} \right)f\left( {\sin \left( {\pi - t} \right)} \right)\,dt}\\{\,\,\,\,\,\, = \mathop \smallint \limits_0^{\frac{\pi }{2}} \left( {\pi - t} \right)f\left( {\sin t} \right)\,dt}\\{\,\,\,\,\,\, = \mathop \smallint \limits_0^{\frac{\pi }{2}} \left( {\pi - x} \right)f\left( {\sin x} \right)\,dx}\\{\,\,\,\,\,\, = \pi \mathop \smallint \limits_0^{\frac{\pi }{2}} f\left( {\sin x} \right)\,dx - \mathop \smallint \limits_0^{\frac{\pi }{2}} xf\left( {\sin x} \right)\,dx}\end{array}\]

\[\begin{array}{*{20}{l}}{ \Rightarrow I = \mathop \smallint \limits_0^{\frac{\pi }{2}} xf\left( {\sin x} \right)dx + \pi \mathop \smallint \limits_0^{\frac{\pi }{2}} f\left( {\sin x} \right)\,dx - \mathop \smallint \limits_0^{\frac{\pi }{2}} xf\left( {\sin x} \right)\,dx}\\{ \Rightarrow I = \pi \mathop \smallint \limits_0^{\frac{\pi }{2}} f\left( {\sin x} \right)\,dx = 5\pi .}\end{array}\]