Giới hạn \[\lim \frac{{\sqrt {{n^2} - 3n - 5} - \sqrt {9{n^2} + 3} }}{{2n - 1}}\] bằng?

Cách 1:

\[\begin{array}{l}lim\frac{{\sqrt {{n^2} - 3n - 5} - \sqrt {9{n^2} + 3} }}{{2n - 1}}\\ = lim\frac{{\left( {\sqrt {{n^2} - 3n - 5} - \sqrt {9{n^2} + 3} } \right).\left( {\sqrt {{n^2} - 3n - 5} + \sqrt {9{n^2} + 3} } \right)}}{{\left( {\sqrt {{n^2} - 3n - 5} + \sqrt {9{n^2} + 3} } \right).\left( {2n - 1} \right)}}\\ = lim\frac{{({n^2} - 3n - 5) - (9{n^2} + 3)}}{{\left( {\sqrt {{n^2} - 3n - 5} + \sqrt {9{n^2} + 3} } \right).\left( {2n - 1} \right)}}\\ = lim\frac{{ - 8{n^2} - 3n - 8}}{{\left( {\sqrt {{n^2} - 3n - 5} + \sqrt {9{n^2} + 3} } \right).\left( {2n - 1} \right)}}\\ = lim\frac{{ - 8 - \frac{3}{n} - \frac{8}{{{n^2}}}}}{{\left( {\sqrt {1 - \frac{3}{n} - \frac{5}{{{n^2}}}} + \sqrt {9 + \frac{3}{{{n^2}}}} } \right)\left( {2 - \frac{1}{n}} \right)}} = \frac{{ - 8}}{{4.2}} = - 1\end{array}\]

Cách 2: Chia cả tử và mẫu cho n.

\[\lim \frac{{\sqrt {{n^2} - 3n - 5} - \sqrt {9{n^2} + 3} }}{{2n - 1}} = \lim \frac{{\sqrt {1 - \frac{3}{n} - \frac{5}{{{n^2}}}} - \sqrt {9 + \frac{3}{{{n^2}}}} }}{{2 - \frac{1}{n}}} = \lim \frac{{1 - 3}}{2} = - 1\]