15000 bài tập tách từ đề thi thử môn Tiếng Anh có đáp án (Phần 31)

Every child in Great Britain between the age of five and fifteen must (23)_________school.

There (24)_________ three main types of educational institutions: primary (elementary) schools, secondary schools and universities.

State schools are free, and attendance is compulsory. Morning school begins at nine o’clock and lasts until half past four. School is open five days a week.

(25)_________ Saturdays and Sundays there are no lessons. There are holidays at Christmas,

Easter and in summer. In London as in all cities there are two grades of state schools for those (26)_________will go to work at fifteen: primary schools for boys and girls between the ages of five and eleven, and secondary schools for children from eleven to fifteen years.

The lessons are reading, writing, the English language, English literature, English history, geography, (27)________, nature study, drawing, painting, singing, woodwork and drill.

Face-to-face conversation is a two-way process: You speak to me, I reply to you and so on. Two-way (23)________ depends on having a coding system that is understood by both sender and (24)________, and an agreed convention about signaling the beginning and end of the message. In speech, the coding system is the language like English or Spanish; the convention that one person speaks at a time may seem too obvious to mention. In fact, the signals (25)______in conversation and meetings are often (26)______. For example, lowering the pitch of the voice may mean the end of a sentence, a sharp intake of breath may signal the desire to interrupt, catching the chairmans eye may indicate the desire to speak in a formal setting like a debate, a clenched fist may indicate anger. When (27)______ visual signals are not possible, more formal signals may be needed.

All relationships go through difficult times. In the past, when married couples had problems they usually didn’t (31) _________. They had to either (32) _________ with each other or continue to live together in an unhappy relationship. Getting divorced wasn’t an option for most people due to economic and social reasons. Some people believe that this wasn’t such a bad thing. They say that relationships require hard work and (33) _________. “If a relationship is going to last a lifetime, you have to keep working at it,” says Doreen, who is celebrating her fiftieth wedding anniversary this year. “It isn’t all roses and romance. No one perfect all of the time. These days young people give up when there’s the (34) _________ argument.” Experts agree that communication is key. The most important thing is to keep talking. How many times have you heard yourself say to somebody, “If only you’d listen!” or “I wish you wouldn’t do that!” The truth is, the (35) ______ couples talk, the better their relationship can be.

In addition to the challenge to be excellent, American schools have been facing novel problems. They must (31)________with an influx of immigrant children, many of whom speak little or no English. They must respond to demands that the curriculum reflect the various cultures of all children. Schools must make sure that students develop (32)________skills for the job market, and they must consider the needs of nontraditional students, such as teenage mothers.

Schools are addressing these problems in ways that reflect the diversity of the US educational system. They are hiring or training large numbers of teachers of English as a second language and, in some countries, setting up bilingual schools. They are opening (33)________the traditional European-centered curriculum to embrace material from American, Asian, and other cultures.

Schools are also teaching cognitive skills to the nearly 40 percent of American students who do not go on to higher education. In the (34)________of a recent report by the Commission on Achieving Necessary Skills, “A strong back, the willingness to work, and a high school diploma were once all that was necessary to (35)________a start in America.

Voluntary work is work that you do not get paid for and usually involves doing things to help other people, especially the elderly or the sick or working on (31)______ of a charity or similar organization. Most charitable organizations rely on unpaid volunteers, and thousands of Americans and British people give many hours of their time to doing some form of social work or organizing fund- raising events to support the work. Volunteering is especially popular in the US and the reasons this may be found in (32)______ American values such as the Protestant work ethic, the idea that work improves the person who does it, and the belief that people can change their condition if they try hard enough.

In the US young people over 18 can take part in AmeriCorps, a government program that (33)______ them to work as volunteers for a period of time, with the promise of help in paying for their education later. Older Americans who do not work may spend much of their free time volunteering.

In Britain a lot of voluntary work is directed towards supporting the country’s social services. The WRVS and other organizations run a meals on wheels service in many parts of Britain, provide hot meals for old people who are (34)______ to cook for themselves. The nationwide Citizens Advice Bureau, which offers free advice to the public on a wide range of issues, is run mainly by volunteers, and the Blood Transfusion Service relies on voluntary blood donors to give blood for use in hospitals. Political parties use volunteers at election time, and Churches depend on volunteers to (35) _______ building clean.

Parents whose children show a special interest in a particular sport have a difficult decision to (31) ______ about their children’s career. Should they allow their children to train to become top sportsmen and women? For many children it (32) ______starting very young and school work, going out with friends and other interests have to take second place. It’s very difficult to explain to a young child why he or she has to train for five hours a day, even at the weekend, when most of his or her friends are playing.

Another problem is of course money. In many countries money for training is (33) ______ from the government for the very best young sportsmen and women. If this help cannot be given, it means that it is the parents that have to find the time and the money to support their child’s development- and sports clothes, transport to competitions, special equipment etc. can all be very expensive.

Many parents are understandably concerned that it is dangerous to start serious training in a sport (34)_____ an early age. Some doctors agree that young muscles may be damaged by training before they are properly developed. Professional trainers, however, believe that it is only by starting young that you can reach the top as a successful sports person. What is clear is that very (35) _______ people reach the top and both parents and children should be prepared for failure even after many years of training.

The reality of an interview is never as bad as your fears. For some reason people imagine the interviewer is going to jump on every tiny mistake they (31)________. In truth, the interviewer is as keen for the meeting to go well as you are. It is what makes his or her job enjoyable.

The secret of a good interview is preparing for it. What you wear is always important as it creates the first impression. So (32)________ neatly, but comfortably. Make sure that you can deal with anything you are asked. Prepare for questions that are certain to come up, for example: Why do you want to become a nurse? What is the most important quality a good nurse should have? Apart from nursing, what other careers have you considered? What are your interest and hobbies?

Answer the questions fully and precisely. For instance, if one of your interests is reading, be prepared to talk about the sort of books you like. (33)________, do not learn all your answers off (34)________ heart. The interviewer wants to meet a human being, not a robot. Remember, the interviewer is genuinely interested in you, so the more you relax and are yourself, the more (35) ________ you are to succeed.

For Nigel Portman, a love of travelling began with what’s called a ‘gap year’. In common with many other British teenagers, he chose to take a year out before (31)____ to study for his degree. After doing various jobs to raise some money, he left home to gain some experience of life in different cultures, visiting America and Asia. The more adventurous the young person, the (32)_____ the challenge they are likely to set themselves for the gap year, and for some, like Nigel, it can result in a thirst for adventure. Now that his university course has (33)______ to an end, Nigel is just about to leave on a three-year trip that will take him all around the world. What’s more, he plans to make the whole journey using only means of transport which are powered by natural energy. In other words, he’ll be (34)______ mostly on bicycles and his own legs; and when there’s an ocean to cross, he won’t be taking a short cut by climbing aboard a plane, he’ll be joining the crew of a sailing ship instead. As well as doing some mountain climbing and other outdoor pursuits along the way, Nigel hopes to (35)______ on to the people he meets the environmental message that lies behind the whole idea.

Bonfire Night is (31)______ all over Britain on November 5th. The festival dates from 1605 when a man called Guy Fawkes tried to blow up the Houses of Parliament. He was caught and hanged, (32)______ the other conspirators.

Preparations for Bonfire Night usually start weeks before the event itself .Children go from house to house (33)_______ old furniture, newspapers and anything else which will burn for their bonfires. They make a “guy”, a figure which (34)______ Guy Fawkes, from an old sack and wheel it round the streets asking for money which they use to buy fireworks.

On the day itself, as soon as it is dark, the guy is put on top of bonfire, which is then lit. Fireworks are set off and everyone enjoys the display as they stand round the fire (35)______ warm and eating baked potatoes and hot dogs.

The growth of population has its problems as we shall see. As there are more and more mouths (31)_____, there comes a great strain (32)_____ the resources of a country; this is real in the case of developing countries with the result they are unable to push ahead economically. As food is not sufficient there is chronic malnutrition in these countries especially in women and children resulting in weaker population (33)_____ would only economically be a drain on the country as their productive years will be short. As health and education are the State's (34)_____, they affect the country's finances. So in developing countries health and illiteracy continue to be the problem. The unwieldy growth of population leads to the problem of housing and sanitation. In many countries the slums are a (35)_____ to the eyes. Slums grow round big cities and are found with all the drawbacks. These are the areas of disease, filth and crime.