15000 bài tập tách từ đề thi thử môn Tiếng Anh có đáp án (Phần 55)

In European and North American cultures, body language behaviors can be divided into 2 groups: open or closed and forward or backward.

Open/closed postures are the easiest to (46)__________. People are open to messages when they show open hands, face you fully, and have both feet on the ground. This indicates that they are (47)__________ to listen to what you are saying, even if they are disagreeing with you. When people are closed to messages, they have their arms folded or their legs crossed, and they may turn their bodies away. This body language usually means that people are rejecting your message.

Forward or backward behavior reveals an active or a passive (48)__________ to what is being said. If people lean forward with their bodies toward you, they are actively engaged in your message. They may be accepting or rejecting it, but their minds are on (49)__________ you are saying. On the other hand, if people lean back in their chairs or look away from you, or perform activities such as drawing or cleaning their eyeglasses, you know that they are either passively taking in your message or that they are ignoring it. In (50)__________ case, they are not very much engaged in the conversation.

 Most Americans eat three meals (10) ______ the day: breakfast, lunch, and dinner. Breakfast begins between 7:00 and 8:00am, lunch between 11:00 am and noon, and dinner between 6:00 and 8:00 pm. On Sundays "brunch" is a (11) ______ of breakfast and lunch, typically beginning at 11:00 am. Students often enjoy a "study break" or evening snack around 10:00 or 11:00 pm. Breakfast and lunch tend to be light meals, with only one course. Dinner is the main meal.

For breakfast Americans will eat cereal with milk which are often mixed (12) ______ in a bowl, a glass of orange juice, and toasted bread or muffin with jam, butter, or margarine. Another common breakfast meal is scrambled eggs or an omelet with potatoes and breakfast meat (bacon or sausage). People who are on a diet eat just a cup of yogurt. Lunch and dinner are more (13) ______. When eating at a formal dinner, you may be overwhelmed by the number of utensils. How do you (14) ______ the difference between a salad fork, a butter fork, and a dessert fork? Most Americans do not know the answer. But knowing which fork or spoon to use first is simple: use the outermost utensils first and the utensils closest to the plate last.

Researchers in communication show that more feelings and intentions are (6)_______ and received nonverbally than verbally. Mehrabian and Wienerfollowing have stated that only 7% of message is sent through words, with remaining 93% sent nonverbal (7)_______.

Humans use nonverbal communication because:

1. Words have limitations: There are (8)_______ areas where nonverbal communication is more (9)_______ than verbal, especially when we explain the shape, directions, personalities which are expressed nonverbally.

2. Nonverbal signal are powerful: Nonverbal cues primarily express inner feelings while verbal messages deal basically with outside world.

3. Nonverbal message are likely to be more genuine: because nonverbal behaviors cannot be controlled as easily as spoken words.

4. Nonverbal signals can express feelings inappropriate to state: Social etiquette limits what can be said, but nonverbal cues can communicate thoughts.

5. A separate communication channel is necessary to (10)_______ send complex messages: A speaker can add enormously to the complexity of the verbal message through simple nonverbal signals.

Someone once has said that there are three kinds of people who are interested in sport: People who (39)_______ part, people who watch, and people who watch (40)_______ television. It’s very easy to make fun of stay-at-home sports fans but on the other hand, television does enable us to enjoy all kinds of (41)_______ events. We can watch a racing car overtake another, see a cyclist cross the finishing line, or enjoy the goals of our favorite football (42)_______ The first time I watched a tennis match was on television, and I found it unexpectedly interesting. It’s not always easy to travel long distance to football grounds and television is a good solution. Of course, you can (43)_______ used to sitting indoors all the time, and this is dangerous. We should all try to keep fit, and have other interests and pastimes

Never say anything negative about past experiences, employers, or courses or professors. Always think of something positive about an experience and talk about that. You should also be __(38) __. If you are genuinely interested __(39) __ the job, let the interviewer know that.

One of the best ways to show you are keen on a job is to demonstrate that you have researched the organization prior to the interview. You can also __(40) __ interest by asking questions about the job, the organization, and its services and products. The best way to impress an employer is to ask questions that build your interview discussion. This shows you are interested and __(41) __ close attention to the interviewer. It is a good idea to prepare a few questions in advance, but an insightful comment based on your conversation can make an even stronger statement. At the __(42) __ of the interview, it is appropriate for you to ask when you may expect to hear from the employer.

According to sociologists, there are several different ways in which a person may be recognized as the leader of a social group in the United States. In the family, traditional cultural patterns confer leadership on one or both of the parents. In other cases, such as friendship groups, one or more persons may gradually (26) ______ as leaders, although there is no formal process of selection. In larger groups, leaders are usually chosen formally through election or recruitment.

(27) ______ of the common belief that leaders are people with unusual personal ability, decades of research have failed to produce consistent evidence that there is any category of “natural leaders”. It seems that there is no set of personal qualities that all leaders have (28) ______ common; rather, virtually any person may be recognized as a leader if the person has qualities that meet the needs of that particular group.

Furthermore, although it is commonly supposed that social groups have a single leader, research suggests that there are (29) ______ two different leadership roles that are held by different individuals. Instrumental leadership emphasizes the completion of tasks by a social group. Group members look to instrumental leaders to “get things done”. Expressive leadership, on the other hand, is leadership (30) ______ emphasizes the collective well-being of a social group’s members.

The Gerneral Cerificate of Secondary Education or the GCSE excaminations for short are the standard school-leaver qualifications taken by virually all UK students in the May and June following their 16th birthday. If you come to a UK (25)_______ school before you (26)_______ the age of 16, you will study towards GCSE excaminationin up to 12 subjects. Some subjects are compulory, including English and matchematics, and you can select (27)_____, such as music, drama, geography and history from a series of options. GCSEs provide a good all-round education (28)_______ you can build (29)______ at colleage and eventually at university.

The United States has many different types of families. While most American families are traditional, (38) _____ a father, mother and one or more children, 22 percent of all American families in 1998 were headed by one parent, usually a woman. In a few families in the United States, there are no children. These childish couples may believe that they would not make good parents; they may want freedom from the (39) _____ of childbearing; or, perhaps they (40) _____ physically able to have children. Other families in the United States have one adult (41) _____ a stepparent. A stepmother or stepfather is a person who joins a family by marrying a father or mother.

Americans tolerate and accept these different types of families. In the United States, people have the right to privacy and Americans do not believe in telling other Americans what type of family group they must belong to. They respect each other’s (42) _____ regarding family groups. Families are very important to Americans.

The General Certificate of Secondary Education or the GCSE examinations for short are the standard school-leaver qualifications taken by virtually all UK students in the May and June following their 16th birthday. If you come to a UK (25) _______ school before you (26) _______ the age of 16, you will study towards GCSE examination up to 12 subjects. Some subjects are compulsory, including English and mathematics, and you can select (27) _______ , such as music, drama, geography and history from a series of options. GCSEs provide a good all-round education (28) _______ you can build (29) _______ at colleague and eventually at university.

Scientists say that (44) _______ the next thirty years we will not be able to tell the difference between the real people and the virtual people- that is, people created by computer. These virtual humans are already in films and computer games and engineers are setting up experiments to see if they can develop a (45) _______ feeling virtual people. And the prediction is that these virtual people will be better than us humans- because they are basically a machine, they can (46) _______ data and remember it much better than we can. In addition, they are starting to look much more like us. They are already used to (47) _______ research that may be dangerous for humans, such as on equipment for the army. The “virtuals” are very good at following procedures exactly so scientists can get reliable results. Engineers are carrying out further tests to find out how to get the virtual beings to understand conversation. Now, we can only “talk” to them by typing. But if you (48) _______ the internet, you will find more and more sites devoted to virtual humans- we are just at the beginning of what they can do.