(2024) Đề minh họa tham khảo BGD môn Tiếng Anh có đáp án (Đề 30)
88 lượt thi 50 câu hỏi 60 phút
Text 1:
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each the numbered blanks (from 31 to 32).
It is estimated that three million new homes need to be constructed by 2030 to meet the housing needs of the UK population. One option is to use Greenfield or so-called Brownfield sites.
Greenfield sites are areas (33) ______ have never been developed and include rural spaces on the outskirts of cities. This option is not preferred by environmentalists (34) ______ it destroys untouched countryside and increases traffic congestion. When (35) ______ people commute into urban areas from surrounding districts, this leads to cities expanding over more and more land.
Brownfield sites are old, unused areas that may formerly have been industrial areas but have since been abandoned. These areas are often chosen by developers because existing structures can be repurposed into new homes, (36) ______ unattractive spaces into appealing housing developments. Since they are located within city limits, they are easily accessible via current roads, which helps avoid excessive car use and traffic jams. Additionally, some of these sites are set aside for use as allotments, allowing (37) _______ to cultivate small gardens.
(Adapted from CAE Practice Test)
Text 2:
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 36 to 40.
Sustainable fashion is becoming more popular as people increasingly recognize the impact of the clothing industry on the environment. Fast fashion brands often use cheap materials and methods that harm the planet, such as producing large amounts of waste and emitting pollutants during manufacturing. This prioritizes speed and low cost over quality and environmental responsibility.
In contrast, sustainable fashion focuses on eco-friendly practices such as using recycled materials, reducing water usage, and supporting fair labor. Sustainable fashion also encourages longer product life cycles, designing clothing that lasts longer and is less likely to end up in landfills. Designers in the sustainable fashion movement often innovate with materials and techniques, creating new options such as fabric made from recycled plastic bottles and natural dyes derived from plants.
This shift in consumer preference has led many designers and brands to adopt more responsible practices and provide more sustainable options for consumers. Though sustainable fashion can sometimes come at a higher cost, many consumers are willing to invest more for the long-term benefits to the planet. As awareness of the environmental impact of fast fashion grows, the trend toward sustainability in fashion is expected to continue.
(Adapted from VSTEP Practice Test)
Text 3:
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 41 to 47.
Artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a transformative force across various sectors, revolutionizing industries and redefining the boundaries of human-machine interaction.
One of the most prominent areas where AI has made significant strides is healthcare. AI-powered diagnostic tools can now assist medical professionals in identifying diseases more accurately and efficiently, offering potential for earlier interventions and personalized treatment plans. Moreover, AI aids in drug discovery by simulating molecular structures and predicting how different compounds may behave, thereby expediting the development process.
In finance, AI has enhanced security and efficiency. AI-driven algorithms can detect fraudulent transactions swiftly, providing financial institutions with a powerful tool against cybercrime. In addition, these algorithms can analyze market trends and customer behavior, enabling personalized financial advice and targeted investment strategies. While AI's potential for optimizing processes in various sectors is undeniable, the technology also introduces ethical dilemmas, such as the potential for biases in algorithmic decision-making.
The transportation industry is experiencing a transformation through AI as well. Self-driving vehicles are becoming increasingly common, with AI systems capable of navigating complex traffic situations and improving road safety. These systems gather and analyze data from various sensors to make split-second decisions that can prevent accidents and save lives. As a result, the transportation sector is shifting towards a future where autonomous vehicles could become the norm.
Despite the promises of AI, there are concerns regarding job displacement, as automation may render certain roles obsolete. This has prompted calls for retraining and upskilling programs to prepare workers for a rapidly changing job market. Additionally, regulatory bodies are working to establish frameworks that promote transparency and accountability in AI development and use, addressing issues such as privacy, security, and potential misuse of data.
In conclusion, AI presents a double-edged sword: while it holds the potential to drive innovation and improve efficiency across various industries, it also raises complex ethical questions and potential socioeconomic disruptions. As the technology continues to advance, it is crucial for stakeholders to balance its benefits with its risks, fostering a future where AI serves as a tool for the greater good.
(Adapted from VSTEP Practice Test)
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