The garden city was largely the invention of the British social visionary Ebenezer Howard (1850-1928). After emigrating from England to the USA, and an unsuccessful attempt to make a living as a farmer, he moved to Chicago, where he saw the reconstruction of the city after the disastrous fire of 1871. In those pre-skyscraper days, it was nicknamed "the Garden City", almost certainly the source of Howard's name for his proposed towns. Returning to London, Howard developed his concept in the 1880s and 1890s, drawing on ideas that were circulating at the time, but creating a unique combination of proposals. The nineteenth-century slum city was in many ways a horrific-place; but it offered economic and social opportunities, lights and crowds. At the same time, the British countryside - now too often seen in a sentimental glow - was in fact equally unprepossessing: though it promised fresh air and nature, it suffered from agricultural depression and it offered neither enough work and wages, nor adequate social life. Howard's idea was to combine the best of town and country in a new kind of settlement, the garden city. Howard's idea was that a group of people should establish a company, borrowing money to establish a garden city in the countryside, far enough from existing cities to ensure that the land was bought at the bottom price. They should get agreement from leading industrialists to move their factories there from the congested cities; their workers would move too, and would build their own houses. Garden cities would follow the same basic blueprint, with a high proportion of green spaces, together with a central public open space, radial avenues, and peripheral industries. They would be surrounded by a much larger area of permanent green belt, also owned by the company, containing not merely farms, but institutions like reformatories and convalescent homes, that could benefit from a rural location. As more and more people moved out, the garden city would reach its planned limit – Howard suggested 32,000 people; then, another would be started a short distance away. Thus, over time, there would develop a vast planned house collection, extending almost without limit; within it, each garden city would offer a wide range of jobs and services, but each would also be connected to the others by a rapid transportation system, thus giving all the economic and social opportunities of a big city.

Câu 1

The phrase "drawing on" in paragraph 1 mostly means_______.

A. giving a description of

B. giving an explanation of.

C. making use of

D. making comments on

Lời giải

Cụm “drawing on” trong đoạn 1 có nghĩa là ____.

A. đưa ra mô tả

B. đưa ra lời giải thích

C. tận dụng

D. bình luận

draw on something: dựa vào cái gì = make use of something

→ Chọn đáp án C

Câu 2

The word "unprepossessing" in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to_______.

A. promising

B. demanding

C. fascinating

D. unattractive

Lời giải

Từ “unprepossessing” trong đoạn 2 đồng nghĩa với từ _____.

A. promising (adj): hứa hẹn

B. demanding (adj): đòi hỏi (thời gian, công sức,…)

C. fascinating (adj): lôi cuốn

D. unattractive (adj): không thu hút

unprepossessing (adj): không hấp dẫn = unattractive

→ Chọn đáp án D

Câu 3

The word "They" in paragraph 3 refers to_______.

A. industries

B. avenues

C. green spaces

D. garden cities

Lời giải

Từ “They” trong đoạn 3 đề cập đến ____.

A. các ngành công nghiệp

B. các đại lộ

C. các không gian xanh

D. các thành phố vườn

Thông tin:

Garden cities would follow the same basic blueprint, with a high proportion of green spaces, together with a central public open space, radial avenues, and peripheral industries. They would be surrounded by a much larger area of permanent green belt, also owned by the company, containing not merely farms, but institutions like reformatories and convalescent homes, that could benefit from a rural location. (Thành phố vườn sẽ tuân theo bản thiết kế cơ bản, với các không gian xanh chiếm tỷ lệ cao, cùng với một không gian mở công cộng ở trung tâm, các đại lộ xuyên tâm, và các khu công nghiệp ở ngoại biên. Chúng sẽ được bao quanh bởi một vành đai xanh lớn, cũng do công ty sở hữu, không chỉ bao gồm các nông trại, mà còn cả các tổ chức như trường giáo dưỡng và nhà dưỡng bệnh, những nơi này có thể hưởng lợi từ vị trí nông thôn.)

→ Chọn đáp án D

Câu 4

Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?

A. Howard's idea was the combination of the best of town and city in a new kind of settlement.

B. Each garden city would offer a wide variety of jobs and services.

C. Howard got the name for his building plan of garden cities by using the nickname of Chicago.

D.Howard's concept of garden cities was not influenced by other people's ideas.

Lời giải

Điều nào sau đây không đúng theo đoạn văn?

A. Ý tưởng của Howard là sự kết hợp giữa những gì tốt nhất của thị trấn và thành phố theo một kiểu chỗ ở mới.

B. Mỗi thành phố vườn sẽ cung cấp nhiều việc làm và dịch vụ.

C. Howard lấy tên cho kế hoạch xây dựng thành phố vườn bằng cách sử dụng biệt danh của Chicago.

D. Ý tưởng về thành phố vườn của Howard không bị ảnh hưởng bởi ý tưởng của những người kháC.

Thông tin:

+ Howard's idea was to combine the best of town and country in a new kind of settlement, the garden city. (Ý tưởng của Howard là kết hợp những gì tốt nhất của thành phố và vùng nông thôn theo một kiểu chỗ ở mới, thành phố vườn.)

→ A đúng

+ Thus, over time, there would develop a vast planned house collection, extending almost without limit; within it, each garden city would offer a wide range of jobs and services, but each would also be connected to the others by a rapid transportation system, thus giving all the economic and social opportunities of a big city. (Do đó, qua thời gian, chúng ta sẽ phát triển một tập hợp nhà rộng lớn, trải dài không giới hạn; trong đó, mỗi thành phố vườn sẽ cung cấp vô số việc làm và dịch vụ, nhưng mỗi nơi sẽ được kết nối với các nơi khác bằng một hệ thống giao thông nhanh chóng, từ đó mang đến toàn bộ cơ hội về kinh tế và xã hội của một thành phố lớn.)

→ B đúng

+ In those pre-skyscraper days, it was nicknamed "the Garden City", almost certainly the source of Howard's name for his proposed towns. (Vào thời kỳ chưa có những tòa nhà chọc trời, nó có biệt danh là “Thành phố vườn”, gần như chắc chắn là nguồn gốc của cái tên mà Howard đã đặt cho những thành phố mình đề xuất.)

→ C đúng

+ Returning to London, Howard developed his concept in the 1880s and 1890s, drawing on ideas that were circulating at the time, but creating a unique combination of proposals. (Quay trở về London, Howard đã phát triển ý tưởng của mình vào những năm 1880 và 1890, dựa trên những ý tưởng đang thịnh hành vào thời điểm đó, nhưng tạo ra một sự kết hợp độc đáo của các đề xuất.)

→ D sai

→ Chọn đáp án D

Câu 5

Which best serves as the title for the passage?

A. Garden City Movement

B. The Invention of the Garden City

C. City and Countryside?

D. A new city in Chicago

Lời giải

Đâu là tiêu đề phù hợp nhất cho đoạn văn?

A. Phong trào thành phố vườn

B. Sự phát minh thành phố vườn

C. Thành phố và nông thôn?

D. Một thành phố mới ở Chicago

Tóm tắt:

Đoạn văn nói về ý tưởng xây dựng thành phố vườn của Ebenezer Howard

==> Sự phát minh thành phố vườn

→ Chọn đáp án B

Câu 6

According to paragraph 3, garden cities were planned________.

A. to be similar to each other in layout

B. to integrate institutions within the city area

C. to keep industrial activity to a minimum

D. to provide buildings for public gatherings

Lời giải

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Danh sách câu hỏi:

The phrase "drawing on" in paragraph 1 mostly means_______.

The word "unprepossessing" in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to_______.

The word "They" in paragraph 3 refers to_______.

Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?

Which best serves as the title for the passage?

According to paragraph 3, garden cities were planned________.

What can be inferred about garden cities from the last paragraph?

Mark the letter A, B, C, on your answer sheet to indicate the word CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word in each of the following questions. The new college is intended to improve the life chances of children in the inner city.

The fire ruined the forest completely; all habitats were totally in the flames.

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions. They have_______ some measures to control traffic jam at rush hours.

It's so busy in my office. I don't get the chance to________ my breath after my long journey into the office. I have to get down to work as soon as I get in.

We arranged to meet at 7.30, but she didn't______.

Alice took great photos of butterflies while she_______ in the forest.

Many ethnic groups find it difficult to_________ their culture.

The letter_________ me of the theft hadn't been signed.

Juliette leads a quiet life_______ a small town.

I love the________ car that is always parked at the end of the street.

She was still worried_______ having prepared carefully for the job interview.

Vietnamese soldiers and medical workers_______ to Turkey for earthquake relief.

If Hoa's brother had listened to her advice, he wouldn't have bought a_______ in a poke. She can't believe he wasted so much money on such rubbish.

Although I like the dress very much, the_______ cost of it is what really puts me off.

Students often use their calculators to solve tricky questions,_______?

The more I concentrate,________ my answers are.

John will look for a job_______.

Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other three in pronunciation in each of the following.

Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other three in pronunciation in each of the following.

Mark the letter A, B B, C, or on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that best combines each pair of sentences in the following questions. She read all the instructions of the exam. She started to do it.

They are too busy with their work. They really want to go for a picnic.

Mark the letter A, B, C,or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that best completes each of the following exchanges. Mary is at Daisy's birthday party. Mary: "What a beautiful dress you are wearing today, Daisy!" Daisy: “_____________”

Linda and Peter are talking about safe driving. Linda: "I think drink-driving should be severely punished." Peter: "______________. It may cause accidents or even deaths."

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the underlined part that needs to be corrected on each of the following questions. Millions of students took part in the entrance examination at university every year.

Peacocks are among the most exotic birds in nature; its long tail feathers fan out to reveal a profusion of vivid colors.

Alice broke the school rules so many times that the headmistress finally had no alternation but to expel her.

Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the position of the primary stress in each of the following questions.

Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the position of the primary stress in each of the following questions.

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions. Hoai An was on edge all day about the important presentation she had to give to the group of local citizens.

Most of the female football players will be jobless when the Games are over.

Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the following questions. It's very likely that the company will accept his application.

"I met my old friend yesterday." Anna said

He hasn't changed his Facebook avatar for 3 years.

The word "they" in paragraph 2 refers to______.

Which of the following is NOT true, according to the passage?

Which best serves as the title for the passage?

According to paragraph 1, Sylvia Earle_______.

The word "inspired" in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to______.

The researchers have found that there are three key personality traits that can make (36)_____ people more accident-prone than others.

Firstly, high levels of aggressiveness or selfishness may (37)__________ people more at risk of having accidents as individuals with these characteristics are often highly competitive and therefore more likely not to follow instructions and to ignore rules.

It also seems that those (38)________ have very open personalities may also have more accidents as these kinds of people can be dreamy and lack concentration.

Not everyone, (39)________, agrees with the study's findings.

A spokesperson for an accident prevention organization said: "We must (40) ________responsibility for our actions and educate people to prevent accidents instead of blaming our personalities."

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Mark the letter A, B, C, on your answer sheet to indicate the word CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word in each of the following questions.

The new college is intended to improve the life chances of children in the inner city.

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.

They have_______ some measures to control traffic jam at rush hours.

Mark the letter A, B B, C, or on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that best combines each pair of sentences in the following questions.

She read all the instructions of the exam. She started to do it.

Mark the letter A, B, C,or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that best completes each of the following exchanges.

Mary is at Daisy's birthday party.

Mary: "What a beautiful dress you are wearing today, Daisy!"

Daisy: “_____________”

Linda and Peter are talking about safe driving.

Linda: "I think drink-driving should be severely punished."

Peter: "______________. It may cause accidents or even deaths."

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the underlined part that needs to be corrected on each of the following questions.

Millions of students took part in the entrance examination at university every year.

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.

Hoai An was on edge all day about the important presentation she had to give to the group of local citizens.

Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the following questions.

It's very likely that the company will accept his application.