Đề luyện thi THPT Quốc Gia - Năm 2020 Môn thi: TIẾNG ANH (Đề số 7)

Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions.

Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions.

Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other three in the position of primary stress in each of the following questions.

Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other three in the position of primary stress in each of the following questions.

All nations should _______ hands to work out a plan to solve the problem of global warming.

He asked me _______ that film the night before.

Paul has just sold his ________ car and intends to buy a new one.

I know we had an argument, but now I’d quite like to _______.

In many families the important decisions are _______ by women.

Air pollution is getting ________ serious in big cities in the world.

If I ______ that there was a test yesterday, I would not be punished now.

He lost the race because he _______ petrol on the last lap.

The students don’t know how to do the exercises _______ by the teacher yesterday.

Many educationalists feel that continue _______ is fairer than formal examinations.

Scarcely had he stepped out of the room ______ he heard a loud laughter within.

Anne hoped ________ to join the private club. She could make important business contact here.

Don’t be late for the class often, _______ people will think you are a disobedient student.

_______ man suffering from _____ shock should not be given anything to drink.

Animals like frogs have waterproof skin that prevents it from drying out quickly in air, sun or wind.

Your trip to London sounds absolutely fascinated, I’d love to go there.

John has learnt English for five years ago.

Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word or phrase that is CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined part in each of the following questions.

We spent the entire day looking for a new apartment.

Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word or phrase that is CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined part in each of the following questions.

I just want to stay at home and watch TV and take it easy.

Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word or phrase that is OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined part in each of the following questions.

She decided to remain celibate and devote her life to helping the homeless and orphans.

Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word or phrase that is OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined part in each of the following questions.

Fruit and vegetables grew in abundance on the island. The islanders even exported the surplus.

Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the most suitable response to each of the following exchanges.

Tom’s friends are waiting for him for an excursion.

– Tom: “Sorry, I’m late, Mike” – Mike: “ __________.”

Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the most suitable response to each of the following exchanges.

John is visiting Anne’s house.

– Anne: “Make yourself at home!” – John: “_____”

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word for each of the blanks from 28 to 32.

In the early twentieth century, an American woman named Emily Post wrote a book on etiquette. This book explained the proper behavior Americans should follow in many different social (28)______, from birthday parties to funerals. But in modern society, it is not simply to know the proper rules for behavior in your own country. It is necessary for people (29)______ work or travel abroad to understand the rules of etiquette in other cultures as well.

Cultural (30)______ can be found in such simple processes as giving or receiving a gift. In Western cultures, a gift can be given to the receiver with relatively little ceremony. When a gift is offered, the receiver usually takes the gift and expresses his or her thanks. (31)______, in some Asian countries, the act of gift–giving may appear confusing to Westerners. In Chinese culture, both the giver and receiver understand that the receiver will typically refuse to take the gift several times before he or she finally accepts it. In addition, to (32)______ respect for the receiver, it is common in several Asian cultures to use both hands when offering a gift to another person.

(Source: Reading Advantage by Casey Malarcher)

Điền vào ô 28

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word for each of the blanks from 28 to 32.

In the early twentieth century, an American woman named Emily Post wrote a book on etiquette. This book explained the proper behavior Americans should follow in many different social (28)______, from birthday parties to funerals. But in modern society, it is not simply to know the proper rules for behavior in your own country. It is necessary for people (29)______ work or travel abroad to understand the rules of etiquette in other cultures as well.

Cultural (30)______ can be found in such simple processes as giving or receiving a gift. In Western cultures, a gift can be given to the receiver with relatively little ceremony. When a gift is offered, the receiver usually takes the gift and expresses his or her thanks. (31)______, in some Asian countries, the act of gift–giving may appear confusing to Westerners. In Chinese culture, both the giver and receiver understand that the receiver will typically refuse to take the gift several times before he or she finally accepts it. In addition, to (32)______ respect for the receiver, it is common in several Asian cultures to use both hands when offering a gift to another person.

(Source: Reading Advantage by Casey Malarcher)

Điền vào ô 29

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word for each of the blanks from 28 to 32.

In the early twentieth century, an American woman named Emily Post wrote a book on etiquette. This book explained the proper behavior Americans should follow in many different social (28)______, from birthday parties to funerals. But in modern society, it is not simply to know the proper rules for behavior in your own country. It is necessary for people (29)______ work or travel abroad to understand the rules of etiquette in other cultures as well.

Cultural (30)______ can be found in such simple processes as giving or receiving a gift. In Western cultures, a gift can be given to the receiver with relatively little ceremony. When a gift is offered, the receiver usually takes the gift and expresses his or her thanks. (31)______, in some Asian countries, the act of gift–giving may appear confusing to Westerners. In Chinese culture, both the giver and receiver understand that the receiver will typically refuse to take the gift several times before he or she finally accepts it. In addition, to (32)______ respect for the receiver, it is common in several Asian cultures to use both hands when offering a gift to another person.

(Source: Reading Advantage by Casey Malarcher)

Điền vào ô 30

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word for each of the blanks from 28 to 32.

In the early twentieth century, an American woman named Emily Post wrote a book on etiquette. This book explained the proper behavior Americans should follow in many different social (28)______, from birthday parties to funerals. But in modern society, it is not simply to know the proper rules for behavior in your own country. It is necessary for people (29)______ work or travel abroad to understand the rules of etiquette in other cultures as well.

Cultural (30)______ can be found in such simple processes as giving or receiving a gift. In Western cultures, a gift can be given to the receiver with relatively little ceremony. When a gift is offered, the receiver usually takes the gift and expresses his or her thanks. (31)______, in some Asian countries, the act of gift–giving may appear confusing to Westerners. In Chinese culture, both the giver and receiver understand that the receiver will typically refuse to take the gift several times before he or she finally accepts it. In addition, to (32)______ respect for the receiver, it is common in several Asian cultures to use both hands when offering a gift to another person.

(Source: Reading Advantage by Casey Malarcher)

Điền vào ô 31

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word for each of the blanks from 28 to 32.

In the early twentieth century, an American woman named Emily Post wrote a book on etiquette. This book explained the proper behavior Americans should follow in many different social (28)______, from birthday parties to funerals. But in modern society, it is not simply to know the proper rules for behavior in your own country. It is necessary for people (29)______ work or travel abroad to understand the rules of etiquette in other cultures as well.

Cultural (30)______ can be found in such simple processes as giving or receiving a gift. In Western cultures, a gift can be given to the receiver with relatively little ceremony. When a gift is offered, the receiver usually takes the gift and expresses his or her thanks. (31)______, in some Asian countries, the act of gift–giving may appear confusing to Westerners. In Chinese culture, both the giver and receiver understand that the receiver will typically refuse to take the gift several times before he or she finally accepts it. In addition, to (32)______ respect for the receiver, it is common in several Asian cultures to use both hands when offering a gift to another person.

(Source: Reading Advantage by Casey Malarcher)

Điền vào ô 32

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 33 to 37.

Different cultures follow their own special customs when a child’s baby teeth fall out. In Korea, for example, they have the custom of throwing lost teeth up on the roof of a house. According to tradition, a magpie will come and take the tooth. Later, the magpie will return with a new tooth for the child. In other Asian countries, such as Japan and Vietnam, children follow a similar tradition of throwing their lost teeth onto the roofs of houses.

Birds aren't the only animals thought to take lost teeth. In Mexico and Spain, tradition says a mouse takes a lost tooth and leaves some money. However, in Mongolia, dogs are responsible for taking teeth away. Dogs are highly respected in Mongolian culture and are considered guardian angels of the people.

Tradition says that the new tooth will grow good and strong if the baby tooth is fed to a guardian angel. Accordingly, parents in Mongolia will put their child's lost tooth in a piece of meat and feed it to a dog.

The idea of giving lost teeth to an angel or fairy is also a tradition in the West. Many children in Western countries count on the Tooth Fairy to leave money or presents in exchange for a tooth. The exact origins of the Tooth Fairy are a mystery, although the story probably began in England or Ireland centuries ago. According to tradition, a child puts a lost tooth under his or her pillow before going to bed. In the wee hours, while the child is sleeping, the Tooth Fairy takes the tooth and leaves something else under the pillow. In France, the Tooth Fairy leaves a small gift. In the United States, however, the Tooth Fairy usually leaves money. These days, the rate is $ 1 to $5 per tooth, adding up to a lot of money from the Tooth Fairy!

(Source: Reading Challenge 2 by Casey Malarcher & Andrea Janzen)

What is the passage mainly about?

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 33 to 37.

Different cultures follow their own special customs when a child’s baby teeth fall out. In Korea, for example, they have the custom of throwing lost teeth up on the roof of a house. According to tradition, a magpie will come and take the tooth. Later, the magpie will return with a new tooth for the child. In other Asian countries, such as Japan and Vietnam, children follow a similar tradition of throwing their lost teeth onto the roofs of houses.

Birds aren't the only animals thought to take lost teeth. In Mexico and Spain, tradition says a mouse takes a lost tooth and leaves some money. However, in Mongolia, dogs are responsible for taking teeth away. Dogs are highly respected in Mongolian culture and are considered guardian angels of the people.

Tradition says that the new tooth will grow good and strong if the baby tooth is fed to a guardian angel. Accordingly, parents in Mongolia will put their child's lost tooth in a piece of meat and feed it to a dog.

The idea of giving lost teeth to an angel or fairy is also a tradition in the West. Many children in Western countries count on the Tooth Fairy to leave money or presents in exchange for a tooth. The exact origins of the Tooth Fairy are a mystery, although the story probably began in England or Ireland centuries ago. According to tradition, a child puts a lost tooth under his or her pillow before going to bed. In the wee hours, while the child is sleeping, the Tooth Fairy takes the tooth and leaves something else under the pillow. In France, the Tooth Fairy leaves a small gift. In the United States, however, the Tooth Fairy usually leaves money. These days, the rate is $ 1 to $5 per tooth, adding up to a lot of money from the Tooth Fairy!

(Source: Reading Challenge 2 by Casey Malarcher & Andrea Janzen)

The word “their” in paragraph 1 refers to _______.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 33 to 37.

Different cultures follow their own special customs when a child’s baby teeth fall out. In Korea, for example, they have the custom of throwing lost teeth up on the roof of a house. According to tradition, a magpie will come and take the tooth. Later, the magpie will return with a new tooth for the child. In other Asian countries, such as Japan and Vietnam, children follow a similar tradition of throwing their lost teeth onto the roofs of houses.

Birds aren't the only animals thought to take lost teeth. In Mexico and Spain, tradition says a mouse takes a lost tooth and leaves some money. However, in Mongolia, dogs are responsible for taking teeth away. Dogs are highly respected in Mongolian culture and are considered guardian angels of the people.

Tradition says that the new tooth will grow good and strong if the baby tooth is fed to a guardian angel. Accordingly, parents in Mongolia will put their child's lost tooth in a piece of meat and feed it to a dog.

The idea of giving lost teeth to an angel or fairy is also a tradition in the West. Many children in Western countries count on the Tooth Fairy to leave money or presents in exchange for a tooth. The exact origins of the Tooth Fairy are a mystery, although the story probably began in England or Ireland centuries ago. According to tradition, a child puts a lost tooth under his or her pillow before going to bed. In the wee hours, while the child is sleeping, the Tooth Fairy takes the tooth and leaves something else under the pillow. In France, the Tooth Fairy leaves a small gift. In the United States, however, the Tooth Fairy usually leaves money. These days, the rate is $ 1 to $5 per tooth, adding up to a lot of money from the Tooth Fairy!

(Source: Reading Challenge 2 by Casey Malarcher & Andrea Janzen)

According to paragraph 2, parents in Mongolia feed their child’s lost tooth to a dog because _______.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 33 to 37.

Different cultures follow their own special customs when a child’s baby teeth fall out. In Korea, for example, they have the custom of throwing lost teeth up on the roof of a house. According to tradition, a magpie will come and take the tooth. Later, the magpie will return with a new tooth for the child. In other Asian countries, such as Japan and Vietnam, children follow a similar tradition of throwing their lost teeth onto the roofs of houses.

Birds aren't the only animals thought to take lost teeth. In Mexico and Spain, tradition says a mouse takes a lost tooth and leaves some money. However, in Mongolia, dogs are responsible for taking teeth away. Dogs are highly respected in Mongolian culture and are considered guardian angels of the people.

Tradition says that the new tooth will grow good and strong if the baby tooth is fed to a guardian angel. Accordingly, parents in Mongolia will put their child's lost tooth in a piece of meat and feed it to a dog.

The idea of giving lost teeth to an angel or fairy is also a tradition in the West. Many children in Western countries count on the Tooth Fairy to leave money or presents in exchange for a tooth. The exact origins of the Tooth Fairy are a mystery, although the story probably began in England or Ireland centuries ago. According to tradition, a child puts a lost tooth under his or her pillow before going to bed. In the wee hours, while the child is sleeping, the Tooth Fairy takes the tooth and leaves something else under the pillow. In France, the Tooth Fairy leaves a small gift. In the United States, however, the Tooth Fairy usually leaves money. These days, the rate is $ 1 to $5 per tooth, adding up to a lot of money from the Tooth Fairy!

(Source: Reading Challenge 2 by Casey Malarcher & Andrea Janzen)

The word “origins” in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to _______.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 33 to 37.

Different cultures follow their own special customs when a child’s baby teeth fall out. In Korea, for example, they have the custom of throwing lost teeth up on the roof of a house. According to tradition, a magpie will come and take the tooth. Later, the magpie will return with a new tooth for the child. In other Asian countries, such as Japan and Vietnam, children follow a similar tradition of throwing their lost teeth onto the roofs of houses.

Birds aren't the only animals thought to take lost teeth. In Mexico and Spain, tradition says a mouse takes a lost tooth and leaves some money. However, in Mongolia, dogs are responsible for taking teeth away. Dogs are highly respected in Mongolian culture and are considered guardian angels of the people.

Tradition says that the new tooth will grow good and strong if the baby tooth is fed to a guardian angel. Accordingly, parents in Mongolia will put their child's lost tooth in a piece of meat and feed it to a dog.

The idea of giving lost teeth to an angel or fairy is also a tradition in the West. Many children in Western countries count on the Tooth Fairy to leave money or presents in exchange for a tooth. The exact origins of the Tooth Fairy are a mystery, although the story probably began in England or Ireland centuries ago. According to tradition, a child puts a lost tooth under his or her pillow before going to bed. In the wee hours, while the child is sleeping, the Tooth Fairy takes the tooth and leaves something else under the pillow. In France, the Tooth Fairy leaves a small gift. In the United States, however, the Tooth Fairy usually leaves money. These days, the rate is $ 1 to $5 per tooth, adding up to a lot of money from the Tooth Fairy!

(Source: Reading Challenge 2 by Casey Malarcher & Andrea Janzen)

According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true about the tradition of tooth giving in the West?

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 38 to 45. 

The oceans are so vast and deep that until fairly recently, it was widely assumed that no matter how trash and chemicals humans dumped into them, the effects would be negligible. Proponents of dumping in the oceans even had a catchphrase: "The solution to pollution is dilution." 

Today, we need look no further than the New Jersey–size dead zone that forms each summer in the Mississippi River Delta, or the thousand–mile–wide swath of decomposing plastic in the northern Pacific

Ocean to see that this "dilution" policy has helped place a once flourishing ocean ecosystem on the brink of collapse. 

There is evidence that the oceans have suffered at the hands of mankind for millennia. But recent studies show that degradation, particularly of shoreline areas, has accelerated dramatically in the past three centuries as industrial discharge and run–off from farms and coastal cities have increased. 

Pollution is the introduction of harmful contaminants that are outside the norm for a given ecosystem. Common man–made pollutants reaching the oceans include pesticides, herbicides, chemical fertilizers, detergents, oil, sewage, plastics, and other solids. Many of these pollutants collect at the ocean's depths, where they are consumed by small marine organisms and introduced into the global food chain. 

Many ocean pollutants are released into the environment far upstream from coastlines. Nitrogen–rich fertilizers applied by farmers inland, for example, end up in local streams, rivers, and groundwater and are eventually deposited in estuaries, bays, and deltas. These excess nutrients can spawn massive blooms of algae that rob the water of oxygen, leaving areas where little or no marine life can exist. 

Solid wastes like bags, foam, and other items dumped into the oceans from land or by ships at sea are frequently consumed, with often fatal effects, by marine mammals, fish, and birds that mistake them for food. Discarded fishing nets drift for many years, ensnaring fish and mammals. In certain regions, ocean currents corral trillions of decomposing plastic items and other trash into gigantic, swirling garbage patches. One in the North Pacific, known as the Pacific Trash Vortex, is estimated to be the size of Texas. 

Pollution is not always physical. In large bodies of water, sound waves can carry undiminished for miles. The increased presence of loud or persistent sounds from ships, sonar devices, oil rigs, and even from natural sources like earthquakes can disrupt the migration, communication, and reproduction patterns of many marine animals, particularly aquatic mammals like whales and dolphins. 

(Source: Reading Advantage by Casey Malarcher)

What does the passage mainly discuss?

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 38 to 45. 

The oceans are so vast and deep that until fairly recently, it was widely assumed that no matter how trash and chemicals humans dumped into them, the effects would be negligible. Proponents of dumping in the oceans even had a catchphrase: "The solution to pollution is dilution." 

Today, we need look no further than the New Jersey–size dead zone that forms each summer in the Mississippi River Delta, or the thousand–mile–wide swath of decomposing plastic in the northern Pacific

Ocean to see that this "dilution" policy has helped place a once flourishing ocean ecosystem on the brink of collapse. 

There is evidence that the oceans have suffered at the hands of mankind for millennia. But recent studies show that degradation, particularly of shoreline areas, has accelerated dramatically in the past three centuries as industrial discharge and run–off from farms and coastal cities have increased. 

Pollution is the introduction of harmful contaminants that are outside the norm for a given ecosystem. Common man–made pollutants reaching the oceans include pesticides, herbicides, chemical fertilizers, detergents, oil, sewage, plastics, and other solids. Many of these pollutants collect at the ocean's depths, where they are consumed by small marine organisms and introduced into the global food chain. 

Many ocean pollutants are released into the environment far upstream from coastlines. Nitrogen–rich fertilizers applied by farmers inland, for example, end up in local streams, rivers, and groundwater and are eventually deposited in estuaries, bays, and deltas. These excess nutrients can spawn massive blooms of algae that rob the water of oxygen, leaving areas where little or no marine life can exist. 

Solid wastes like bags, foam, and other items dumped into the oceans from land or by ships at sea are frequently consumed, with often fatal effects, by marine mammals, fish, and birds that mistake them for food. Discarded fishing nets drift for many years, ensnaring fish and mammals. In certain regions, ocean currents corral trillions of decomposing plastic items and other trash into gigantic, swirling garbage patches. One in the North Pacific, known as the Pacific Trash Vortex, is estimated to be the size of Texas. 

Pollution is not always physical. In large bodies of water, sound waves can carry undiminished for miles. The increased presence of loud or persistent sounds from ships, sonar devices, oil rigs, and even from natural sources like earthquakes can disrupt the migration, communication, and reproduction patterns of many marine animals, particularly aquatic mammals like whales and dolphins. 

(Source: Reading Advantage by Casey Malarcher)

The word “neligible” in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to ______.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 38 to 45. 

The oceans are so vast and deep that until fairly recently, it was widely assumed that no matter how trash and chemicals humans dumped into them, the effects would be negligible. Proponents of dumping in the oceans even had a catchphrase: "The solution to pollution is dilution." 

Today, we need look no further than the New Jersey–size dead zone that forms each summer in the Mississippi River Delta, or the thousand–mile–wide swath of decomposing plastic in the northern Pacific

Ocean to see that this "dilution" policy has helped place a once flourishing ocean ecosystem on the brink of collapse. 

There is evidence that the oceans have suffered at the hands of mankind for millennia. But recent studies show that degradation, particularly of shoreline areas, has accelerated dramatically in the past three centuries as industrial discharge and run–off from farms and coastal cities have increased. 

Pollution is the introduction of harmful contaminants that are outside the norm for a given ecosystem. Common man–made pollutants reaching the oceans include pesticides, herbicides, chemical fertilizers, detergents, oil, sewage, plastics, and other solids. Many of these pollutants collect at the ocean's depths, where they are consumed by small marine organisms and introduced into the global food chain. 

Many ocean pollutants are released into the environment far upstream from coastlines. Nitrogen–rich fertilizers applied by farmers inland, for example, end up in local streams, rivers, and groundwater and are eventually deposited in estuaries, bays, and deltas. These excess nutrients can spawn massive blooms of algae that rob the water of oxygen, leaving areas where little or no marine life can exist. 

Solid wastes like bags, foam, and other items dumped into the oceans from land or by ships at sea are frequently consumed, with often fatal effects, by marine mammals, fish, and birds that mistake them for food. Discarded fishing nets drift for many years, ensnaring fish and mammals. In certain regions, ocean currents corral trillions of decomposing plastic items and other trash into gigantic, swirling garbage patches. One in the North Pacific, known as the Pacific Trash Vortex, is estimated to be the size of Texas. 

Pollution is not always physical. In large bodies of water, sound waves can carry undiminished for miles. The increased presence of loud or persistent sounds from ships, sonar devices, oil rigs, and even from natural sources like earthquakes can disrupt the migration, communication, and reproduction patterns of many marine animals, particularly aquatic mammals like whales and dolphins. 

(Source: Reading Advantage by Casey Malarcher)

It can be inferred from the paragraph 2 that the “dilution” policy is related to _____.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 38 to 45. 

The oceans are so vast and deep that until fairly recently, it was widely assumed that no matter how trash and chemicals humans dumped into them, the effects would be negligible. Proponents of dumping in the oceans even had a catchphrase: "The solution to pollution is dilution." 

Today, we need look no further than the New Jersey–size dead zone that forms each summer in the Mississippi River Delta, or the thousand–mile–wide swath of decomposing plastic in the northern Pacific

Ocean to see that this "dilution" policy has helped place a once flourishing ocean ecosystem on the brink of collapse. 

There is evidence that the oceans have suffered at the hands of mankind for millennia. But recent studies show that degradation, particularly of shoreline areas, has accelerated dramatically in the past three centuries as industrial discharge and run–off from farms and coastal cities have increased. 

Pollution is the introduction of harmful contaminants that are outside the norm for a given ecosystem. Common man–made pollutants reaching the oceans include pesticides, herbicides, chemical fertilizers, detergents, oil, sewage, plastics, and other solids. Many of these pollutants collect at the ocean's depths, where they are consumed by small marine organisms and introduced into the global food chain. 

Many ocean pollutants are released into the environment far upstream from coastlines. Nitrogen–rich fertilizers applied by farmers inland, for example, end up in local streams, rivers, and groundwater and are eventually deposited in estuaries, bays, and deltas. These excess nutrients can spawn massive blooms of algae that rob the water of oxygen, leaving areas where little or no marine life can exist. 

Solid wastes like bags, foam, and other items dumped into the oceans from land or by ships at sea are frequently consumed, with often fatal effects, by marine mammals, fish, and birds that mistake them for food. Discarded fishing nets drift for many years, ensnaring fish and mammals. In certain regions, ocean currents corral trillions of decomposing plastic items and other trash into gigantic, swirling garbage patches. One in the North Pacific, known as the Pacific Trash Vortex, is estimated to be the size of Texas. 

Pollution is not always physical. In large bodies of water, sound waves can carry undiminished for miles. The increased presence of loud or persistent sounds from ships, sonar devices, oil rigs, and even from natural sources like earthquakes can disrupt the migration, communication, and reproduction patterns of many marine animals, particularly aquatic mammals like whales and dolphins. 

(Source: Reading Advantage by Casey Malarcher)

The word “they” in paragraph 4 refers to ______.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 38 to 45. 

The oceans are so vast and deep that until fairly recently, it was widely assumed that no matter how trash and chemicals humans dumped into them, the effects would be negligible. Proponents of dumping in the oceans even had a catchphrase: "The solution to pollution is dilution." 

Today, we need look no further than the New Jersey–size dead zone that forms each summer in the Mississippi River Delta, or the thousand–mile–wide swath of decomposing plastic in the northern Pacific

Ocean to see that this "dilution" policy has helped place a once flourishing ocean ecosystem on the brink of collapse. 

There is evidence that the oceans have suffered at the hands of mankind for millennia. But recent studies show that degradation, particularly of shoreline areas, has accelerated dramatically in the past three centuries as industrial discharge and run–off from farms and coastal cities have increased. 

Pollution is the introduction of harmful contaminants that are outside the norm for a given ecosystem. Common man–made pollutants reaching the oceans include pesticides, herbicides, chemical fertilizers, detergents, oil, sewage, plastics, and other solids. Many of these pollutants collect at the ocean's depths, where they are consumed by small marine organisms and introduced into the global food chain. 

Many ocean pollutants are released into the environment far upstream from coastlines. Nitrogen–rich fertilizers applied by farmers inland, for example, end up in local streams, rivers, and groundwater and are eventually deposited in estuaries, bays, and deltas. These excess nutrients can spawn massive blooms of algae that rob the water of oxygen, leaving areas where little or no marine life can exist. 

Solid wastes like bags, foam, and other items dumped into the oceans from land or by ships at sea are frequently consumed, with often fatal effects, by marine mammals, fish, and birds that mistake them for food. Discarded fishing nets drift for many years, ensnaring fish and mammals. In certain regions, ocean currents corral trillions of decomposing plastic items and other trash into gigantic, swirling garbage patches. One in the North Pacific, known as the Pacific Trash Vortex, is estimated to be the size of Texas. 

Pollution is not always physical. In large bodies of water, sound waves can carry undiminished for miles. The increased presence of loud or persistent sounds from ships, sonar devices, oil rigs, and even from natural sources like earthquakes can disrupt the migration, communication, and reproduction patterns of many marine animals, particularly aquatic mammals like whales and dolphins. 

(Source: Reading Advantage by Casey Malarcher)

The word “spawn” in paragraph 5 can be best replaced by ______.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 38 to 45. 

The oceans are so vast and deep that until fairly recently, it was widely assumed that no matter how trash and chemicals humans dumped into them, the effects would be negligible. Proponents of dumping in the oceans even had a catchphrase: "The solution to pollution is dilution." 

Today, we need look no further than the New Jersey–size dead zone that forms each summer in the Mississippi River Delta, or the thousand–mile–wide swath of decomposing plastic in the northern Pacific

Ocean to see that this "dilution" policy has helped place a once flourishing ocean ecosystem on the brink of collapse. 

There is evidence that the oceans have suffered at the hands of mankind for millennia. But recent studies show that degradation, particularly of shoreline areas, has accelerated dramatically in the past three centuries as industrial discharge and run–off from farms and coastal cities have increased. 

Pollution is the introduction of harmful contaminants that are outside the norm for a given ecosystem. Common man–made pollutants reaching the oceans include pesticides, herbicides, chemical fertilizers, detergents, oil, sewage, plastics, and other solids. Many of these pollutants collect at the ocean's depths, where they are consumed by small marine organisms and introduced into the global food chain. 

Many ocean pollutants are released into the environment far upstream from coastlines. Nitrogen–rich fertilizers applied by farmers inland, for example, end up in local streams, rivers, and groundwater and are eventually deposited in estuaries, bays, and deltas. These excess nutrients can spawn massive blooms of algae that rob the water of oxygen, leaving areas where little or no marine life can exist. 

Solid wastes like bags, foam, and other items dumped into the oceans from land or by ships at sea are frequently consumed, with often fatal effects, by marine mammals, fish, and birds that mistake them for food. Discarded fishing nets drift for many years, ensnaring fish and mammals. In certain regions, ocean currents corral trillions of decomposing plastic items and other trash into gigantic, swirling garbage patches. One in the North Pacific, known as the Pacific Trash Vortex, is estimated to be the size of Texas. 

Pollution is not always physical. In large bodies of water, sound waves can carry undiminished for miles. The increased presence of loud or persistent sounds from ships, sonar devices, oil rigs, and even from natural sources like earthquakes can disrupt the migration, communication, and reproduction patterns of many marine animals, particularly aquatic mammals like whales and dolphins. 

(Source: Reading Advantage by Casey Malarcher)

Accordimg to the passage, nitrogen–rich fertilizers _______.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 38 to 45. 

The oceans are so vast and deep that until fairly recently, it was widely assumed that no matter how trash and chemicals humans dumped into them, the effects would be negligible. Proponents of dumping in the oceans even had a catchphrase: "The solution to pollution is dilution." 

Today, we need look no further than the New Jersey–size dead zone that forms each summer in the Mississippi River Delta, or the thousand–mile–wide swath of decomposing plastic in the northern Pacific

Ocean to see that this "dilution" policy has helped place a once flourishing ocean ecosystem on the brink of collapse. 

There is evidence that the oceans have suffered at the hands of mankind for millennia. But recent studies show that degradation, particularly of shoreline areas, has accelerated dramatically in the past three centuries as industrial discharge and run–off from farms and coastal cities have increased. 

Pollution is the introduction of harmful contaminants that are outside the norm for a given ecosystem. Common man–made pollutants reaching the oceans include pesticides, herbicides, chemical fertilizers, detergents, oil, sewage, plastics, and other solids. Many of these pollutants collect at the ocean's depths, where they are consumed by small marine organisms and introduced into the global food chain. 

Many ocean pollutants are released into the environment far upstream from coastlines. Nitrogen–rich fertilizers applied by farmers inland, for example, end up in local streams, rivers, and groundwater and are eventually deposited in estuaries, bays, and deltas. These excess nutrients can spawn massive blooms of algae that rob the water of oxygen, leaving areas where little or no marine life can exist. 

Solid wastes like bags, foam, and other items dumped into the oceans from land or by ships at sea are frequently consumed, with often fatal effects, by marine mammals, fish, and birds that mistake them for food. Discarded fishing nets drift for many years, ensnaring fish and mammals. In certain regions, ocean currents corral trillions of decomposing plastic items and other trash into gigantic, swirling garbage patches. One in the North Pacific, known as the Pacific Trash Vortex, is estimated to be the size of Texas. 

Pollution is not always physical. In large bodies of water, sound waves can carry undiminished for miles. The increased presence of loud or persistent sounds from ships, sonar devices, oil rigs, and even from natural sources like earthquakes can disrupt the migration, communication, and reproduction patterns of many marine animals, particularly aquatic mammals like whales and dolphins. 

(Source: Reading Advantage by Casey Malarcher)

Which of the following statements is NOT supported in the passage?

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 38 to 45. 

The oceans are so vast and deep that until fairly recently, it was widely assumed that no matter how trash and chemicals humans dumped into them, the effects would be negligible. Proponents of dumping in the oceans even had a catchphrase: "The solution to pollution is dilution." 

Today, we need look no further than the New Jersey–size dead zone that forms each summer in the Mississippi River Delta, or the thousand–mile–wide swath of decomposing plastic in the northern Pacific

Ocean to see that this "dilution" policy has helped place a once flourishing ocean ecosystem on the brink of collapse. 

There is evidence that the oceans have suffered at the hands of mankind for millennia. But recent studies show that degradation, particularly of shoreline areas, has accelerated dramatically in the past three centuries as industrial discharge and run–off from farms and coastal cities have increased. 

Pollution is the introduction of harmful contaminants that are outside the norm for a given ecosystem. Common man–made pollutants reaching the oceans include pesticides, herbicides, chemical fertilizers, detergents, oil, sewage, plastics, and other solids. Many of these pollutants collect at the ocean's depths, where they are consumed by small marine organisms and introduced into the global food chain. 

Many ocean pollutants are released into the environment far upstream from coastlines. Nitrogen–rich fertilizers applied by farmers inland, for example, end up in local streams, rivers, and groundwater and are eventually deposited in estuaries, bays, and deltas. These excess nutrients can spawn massive blooms of algae that rob the water of oxygen, leaving areas where little or no marine life can exist. 

Solid wastes like bags, foam, and other items dumped into the oceans from land or by ships at sea are frequently consumed, with often fatal effects, by marine mammals, fish, and birds that mistake them for food. Discarded fishing nets drift for many years, ensnaring fish and mammals. In certain regions, ocean currents corral trillions of decomposing plastic items and other trash into gigantic, swirling garbage patches. One in the North Pacific, known as the Pacific Trash Vortex, is estimated to be the size of Texas. 

Pollution is not always physical. In large bodies of water, sound waves can carry undiminished for miles. The increased presence of loud or persistent sounds from ships, sonar devices, oil rigs, and even from natural sources like earthquakes can disrupt the migration, communication, and reproduction patterns of many marine animals, particularly aquatic mammals like whales and dolphins. 

(Source: Reading Advantage by Casey Malarcher)

Whales and dolphins are mentioned in the final paragraph as an example of marine creatures that _______.

Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the following questions.

He was successful in his career thanks to his parents’ support.

Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the following questions.

“We will not leave until we see the manager,” said the customers.

Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the following questions.

He visited London three years ago.

Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that best combines each pair of sentences in the following questions.

We cannot completely avoid stress in our lives. We need to find ways to cope with it.

Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that best combines each pair of sentences in the following questions.

My mother is very busy with her work at the office. She still takes good care of us.